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        <title>Heinrich Böll Stiftung - Middle East Office</title>
        <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/index.html]]></link>
        <description><![CDATA[By subscribing to this feed you will receive the headlines&nbsp;of all the articles published by the Heinrich Böll&nbsp;Stiftung office in Beirut. To read the entire article, simply click on&nbsp;the articles' headline.]]></description>
        <language>en-GB</language>
        <copyright>© Heinrich Böll Stiftung - Middle East Office, Beirut</copyright>
        <pubDate>Thu, 22 Oct 2009 16:19:56 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[International Archives Day ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/archive_day_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Under the patronage of the UNESCO Beirut Office, The Modern Heritage Observatory invites you to celebrate the International Archives day for the first time in Lebanon on Sunday June 9, 2013.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1260.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1260 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 19 May 2013 18:58:33 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/1368711268-MoHOArchivesDayprogramme.pdf" length="1049634" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Saving the Arida and the Union Building ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Mazen_Haidar_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        What does it mean that the Union Building — one of city’s most prominent, if not the most prominent, modernist landmarks — is currently under threat of demolition? What does it mean that this vulgar investment culture also threatens the nearby Arida building? Anyone who has heard of the architectural pioneers responsible for these two buildings, will understand all too well how disastrous things have become.
        <p> </p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1255.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Mazen Haidar]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1255 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 May 2013 11:40:14 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/First_published_in_Arabic_at_Annahar_newspaper_on_13.pdf" length="215391" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Long Prepared Loss of Human Capital]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Edusyria_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        How was the relation between the educational institutions and the Baath regime and what is the current situation after two years of the Syrian revolution’s breakout?
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1254.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Maher Masoud]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1254 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 May 2013 09:16:10 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Education_in_Syria.pdf" length="300782" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Modern Design and Architecture in the Arab World: the Beginnings of a Project]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/mdaa_moho_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <strong>Date and Time:</strong> Monday May 13th 2013 from 6 to 9 pm <br />
        <strong>Place:</strong> Villa Salem (Otium) - Clemenceau, Beirut
        <p>In its first exhibition, “Modern Design and Architecture in the Arab World: the Beginnings of a Project,” the Arab Center for Architecture (ACA) showcases local modernity and the design work of its pioneering architects. A selection of drawings, documents, photographs and models from ACA’s archives and private collections highlight the work of a generation of architects who lived and practiced in Lebanon and thus shaped the Modern Heritage of the country. <a href="http://www.modernheritageobservatory.org/article.php?id=39#.UZDCiqKxWSo" target="_blank">more</a></p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1251 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 13 May 2013 12:44:22 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What Can the European Union Do in Syria? ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/eu_Syria_Thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>As a follow-up to the closed workshop "The responsibility to protect in Syria - What can the European Union do?" organized by the Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung European Union and Dutch peace organization IKV Pax Christi on 5th of December 2012,  this joint policy paper focuses on what could be done by the EU in Syria. Read the full paper (PDF: 11 Pages, 274 KB) <a href="/downloads/eu_Syria_edited.pdf">here</a></p>
        <p> </p>
    ]]></description>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Bente Scheller, Haid Haid and Jan Jaap Oosterzee]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1247 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 May 2013 08:31:13 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Towards reparation of relations: Lebanon, Syria]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/syria_lebanon_80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The article is focusing on the Syrian- Lebanese relations before and after the revolution, and what could be done to overcome the stereotypical and racist behaviour towards the Syrian people.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1245.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Haid Haid]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1245 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 03 May 2013 09:55:12 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Counter-Atlas for Syria]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Infinitive-Revolution_80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        By Bente Scheller - First published in German on <a href="http://heinrichvonarabien.boellblog.org/2013/04/12/ein-gegenatlas-fur-syrien/">Heinrich Von Arabien Blog</a> on April 12th, 2013 - Whilst many current publications are occupied with the question of possession of arms in civil populations in the US as well as in Syria, most results show that, nevertheless, the two countries are not mistaken for one another. Here, the view prevails that Syria is not “America’s … problem.”
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1244.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1244 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 02 May 2013 10:31:09 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/A_Counter-Atlas_for_Syria.pdf" length="192612" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What is this “higher interest” that prevents a mother passing her nationality to her children?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/My_nationality.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        When the nationality Law was drawn up in the 1920s the women’s movement was fighting to eradicate illiteracy among women; today, the universities throng with excellent female students of whom Lebanon is proud. Why then bury our heads in the sands of the past and claim that “the higher interests of the state” bar them from one of the basic rights of citizenship?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1234.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Joumana Moufarrege and Fadi Karam - First published in Arabic on the website of the Annahar newspaper on April 14, 2013]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1234 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 24 Apr 2013 08:35:26 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Women_right_to_nationality.pdf" length="306178" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ “Syrian revolutionaries owe nobody an apology” ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/fawaz___attar_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        In this interview, Traboulsi talks about the situation in Syria and the thorny relationship of Lebanon’s various parties with the Syrian revolution. He also provides an overview of the stance taken by the Left towards the Syrian as well as the Arab revolutions.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1233.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview with Fawwaz Traboulsi by Mohammed Al Attar in Beirut on February 20, 2013.]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1233 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 19 Apr 2013 13:05:47 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/traboulsi_attar_interview_full_v.pdf" length="826789" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Sky above Lebanon]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Byblos-80_px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        by Bente Scheller. First published in German on <a href="http://heinrichvonarabien.boellblog.org/2013/03/19/der-himmel-uber-dem-libanon/" target="_blank">Heinrich Von Arabien blog</a> on 19 March 2013 - Lately, the distinctive contrails of Israeli fighter jets can often be seen in the blue sky. Side by side they fly the coast and by doing so ensure that no one in Lebanon forgets who their neighbours are.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1230.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1230 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 11 Apr 2013 11:37:31 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/the_sky_above_lebanon_-_hva.pdf" length="141698" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Star for TIME Magazine]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Bashar-Graffiti-80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="88" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        “Cast your vote for the leaders, artists, innovators, icons and heroes that you think are the most influential people in the world”, TIME Magazine urges readers of its online edition. Amongst the 153 nominees: Bashar al-Assad.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1229.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[by Bente Scheller. First published in German on the heinrichvonarabien.boellblog.org on 3 April 2013]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1229 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 11 Apr 2013 11:00:30 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/time_magazine_hva.pdf" length="149422" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The rebel mosque]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Rebel_Mosque_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Each time people would leave the mosques to protest (at the start of the revolution) something would be added to what had gone before: a new understanding of what a mosque was would take deeper root and the old concept of mosque would crumble further.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1227.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Oula  Shaib Al Din - First published in Alef Today on August 18, 2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1227 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 28 Mar 2013 12:02:11 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/The_rebel_mosque.pdf" length="58595" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Against all odds?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/thumb_against_all_odds.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Comics, Hip-Hop, paintings, poems or festivals. What effect can art have on a society? How do artists interact with lebanese society and what problems do they face? Artists give insights to structures, aims and problems of the Beirut art scene.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1220.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[by Linda Simon & Katrin Pakizer]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1220 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 19 Mar 2013 08:23:25 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Against_all_odds.pdf" length="556549" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Modern Heritage Observatory holds first regional meeting]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Moho-Logo-RGB.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>The <a href="http://www.modernheritageobservatory.org">Modern Heritage Observatory</a> held its first regional meeting on 21st February, in Beirut, Lebanon. Designed as a symposium on modern cultural heritage, the one day-event brought together key actors in the field of cultural heritage preservation from across the Middle East and beyond. The symposium was an opportunity for cultural heritage actors to gather together to share experiences, and reflect on how they can collaborate to expand their activities and develop common goals with a view to lobbying for policy change to better protect modern heritage in the region. <a href="http://www.modernheritageobservatory.org/article.php?id=17&c=11#.UUGqIhx32So">more»</a></p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1211 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 14 Mar 2013 11:45:31 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Revolution and language]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/oula_Shaib_Al_Din_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Language is a living being that is born and dies, that grows, evolves, spreads out, reshapes the mind, is rational, thinks, feels, guesses, deduces, takes risks, revolts, conquers, is defeated and loses, and one that endlessly destroys itself. How is this language struggle being translated in Syria today?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1207.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Oula Shaib Al Din - First Published in Arabic on Alef Website - 3/10/2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1207 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 14 Mar 2013 10:09:38 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/revolution_and_language.pdf" length="286385" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[A decade of regional feminist activism]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/logo_crtda.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        In the early 2000, the Collective for Research and Training on Development – Action, CRTD.A, and its network of feminist allies in the Arab region identified the denial of Arab women’s right to nationality to be a resilient form of state driven discrimination against women. How this reality changed during the last decade and what are the needed actions?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1205.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[CRTD.A]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1205 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 13 Mar 2013 18:43:36 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/ctrda_on_women_rights_to_nationality.pdf" length="254626" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Quotas matter for full equal political and economic participation]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Barbara_Unmuessig_Teaser_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="90" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The issue of quotas has been subject to a long debate in the last years. contributing to this rich and important debate, <span style="line-height: 16px;">Barbara Unmüßig</span> explains how quotas are proven to be a successful tool for full equal political and economic participation.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1199.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Barbara Unmüßig - First published on 8 March 2013 in the Global Economic Symposium (official Blog)]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1199 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 12 Mar 2013 07:55:20 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Excerpts from a martyr’s journal]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/thumb-Deerar.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        "I had an agreement with Khidr that he write me a daily report and as a consequence his letters are a journal of life that we on the outside never lived, a life lived at a temperature warm enough to revive what is human in us. That is the definition of the revolution that we set up as our figurehead, the meaning for whose sake we once gave so much."
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1197.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Fawaz Al Qaderi - First Published 2/12/2012 on the Dafaaf web portal]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1197 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 07 Mar 2013 13:16:00 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/excerpts_from_a_martyr.pdf" length="241184" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Graffiti and the Arab uprisings]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Teaser_picture_for_Hani_Naeem_article.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        When the graffitied slogan Ben Ali Degage (“Ben Ali, get out!”) made its first appearance in Tunisia, Ben Ali himself failed to take it seriously. How could he have known that the Arab Spring had begun and that the people of the Arab world had decided to bring down their regimes? The people rose up, and graffiti came to the public squares to help them as they tried to break apart the foundations of the regimes that ruled them.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1195.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1195 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 06 Mar 2013 17:12:45 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/grafiti_and_the_Arab_Uprisings.pdf" length="102152" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[Public Space in Beirut:]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/thumb_public_Space.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        How to approach a city like Beirut? By its history, its economic meaning, its art scene, its people? On the search for a city’s identity, many of its facets are revealed in certain places, namely the city’s public spaces.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1194.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Christine F.G. Kollmar]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1194 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 05 Mar 2013 22:08:44 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Public_spaces_Kollmar.pdf" length="685039" type="application/pdf" />
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            <title><![CDATA[The impact of the arts on the Syrian revolution]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/elie_Abdo_pic.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The arts that emerged during the Syrian revolution are unrelated to the “politically committed art” that so dominates our impressions of the 1970s and 1980s in the Arab world. What has emerged, down alleyways and cramped public squares, is a creativity unburdened by ideology, which treats national issues as a tool to obtain freedom and not self-contained and self-sufficient issues of identity.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1192.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Elie Abdo - First Published in Maalouma in December 2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1192 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 28 Feb 2013 11:27:54 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Elie_Abdo_-_English.pdf" length="333264" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[On weapons of mass destruction… On rape in times of madness]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/thumb_jamal_sobh.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The global race to develop and acquire the latest war technologies has become central to nations’ goals since the end of the nineteenth century. Concurrent to this competition for the most modern implements of violence, parties in conflicts show no hesitance in resorting to one of the oldest – and most primitive – war weapons: rape. In wars, rape has been used as a tool to go beyond the physical and military defeat of the enemy, to subdue a society politically and morally. Perpetrators of such sexual and gender based atrocities on women, and increasingly on men and young male children, continue to be undeterred in spite of the development and states’ ratification of international instruments and conventions aimed at the protection of civilians during armed conflict. Such violations are now being reported from Syria, a country whose people stood up to a dictatorship that has reigned for over four decades. The present article, written by psycho-therapist Dr. Jamal Khalil Sobh, sheds light on the repeated war crime of rapes of women, including the recent tragic incidents in Syria.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1190.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Jamal Khalil Sobh]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1190 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 27 Feb 2013 13:55:28 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Jamal_Sobh_Arabic.pdf" length="52386" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What A “Small Baby” Can Do]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/bycicle_parade_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Dr. Ali Darwish explains in an interview how an environmental NGO in Lebanon can make a difference. This year, hbs celebrates 10 years of cooperation with Green Line.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1185.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview with Dr. Ali Darwish conducted by Christine F.G. Kollmar ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1185 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 2013 15:50:12 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ No City Without Public Space]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/christine-kollmar.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Guerrilla Picnicking: How hbs partner organization Nahnoo fights for Lebanese citizens' accesss to public green space.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1183.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1183 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Feb 2013 07:50:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/no_city_without_public_space.pdf" length="234664" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Khat Taleth]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/khat_Thaketh_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="113" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <h3>Initiative for the Maturation of Public Consciousness</h3>
        <div>
        <p>Khat Thaleth” is a project that has gathered a broad cross-section of the most conscious and innovative Arab hip hop artists and music producers from the Middle East and diaspora to give them a platform for free expression about the on-going revolutionary changes in the region.</p>
        <p>The overall objective of this project is to contribute to freedom of expression and the regional exchange of critical voices and try to overcome taboos on contemporary socio-economic and political issues in individual countries as well as in the region.</p>
        <br />
        </div>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1181 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 07 Feb 2013 12:03:41 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Syrian intellectuals: Suzukis and jet planes]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/nara_mohammed_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Since March 15, Syrian culture has been steadily revealing itself to the Syrian people, and with it, its torch bearers: the intellectuals themselves. The moment in Old Damascus, which saw a number of young cultural types gather together to protest, marked the moment that we realized that the Syrian intellectual—whether theorist or observer, politician or writer—must assume his rightful place in the street or at least, keep step with it. Did Syrian Intellects succeeded in fulfilling this task?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1180.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Nara Mohammed]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1180 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 07 Feb 2013 11:27:13 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Syrian_Intellectuals_-_Nara_Mohammed.pdf" length="296394" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[All kinds of different forms of discourse, speech and acts]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1176.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Allen]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1176 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 04 Feb 2013 09:15:22 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/February_1.pdf" length="254047" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Syria: An alternative reality]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Amr_Hamid_Thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Padre Paolo D’Oglio wrote that, “Rulers only resort to media misinformation when the people begin to emerge—if only superficially—as a social will within the historical process." How is this reflected in Syria today?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1173.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Amer Abou Hamed - published in Arabic in Maalouma website, September 2012   ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1173 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 29 Jan 2013 12:20:38 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Interview with Dr. Ali Khalifa Al Kuwari, author of “The People Want Reform… In Qatar, Too”]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Jenan_Amin.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        In the summer of 2012, The People Want Reform… In Qatar, Too was published in Beirut. The book which includes 11 contributions from different Qatari writers and academics was coordinated and edited by Dr. Ali Khalifa Al Kuwari, an academic researcher, writer and thinker. The following is an interview conducted with Dr. Al Kuwari on the background of compiling the book and the demands for reform in Qatar.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1170.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview was conducted by Jenan Amin in October 2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1170 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 27 Jan 2013 14:41:51 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Interview_with_Kuwari_-_En.pdf" length="323844" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Doha COP18 Outcomes]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/COP18_photo_588.80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="84" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>The Ministry of Environment in cooperation with the Lebanese Association for Environment and Development and Heinrich Böll Foundation Cordially invite you to a panel discussion on “The Doha COP18 Outcomes”.
        <p>Tuesday January 29, 2013    12 p.m. – 1.00 p.m. Ministry of Environment, Green Room, 7th floor. <span><span style="line-height: 15px;"><a href="/downloads/Invitation-press_conference_POST_DOHA_(3).pdf">more»</a></span></span></p>
        <div class="clear" style="clear: both; line-height: 15px;"></div>
        </p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1164 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 24 Jan 2013 08:11:24 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[Rabia’s Free Kick]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Team_of_the_Girls_Football_Academy_Beirut_January_2013b.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Tradition and Emancipation are two important poles influencing the societal acceptance of women's soccer in Lebanon. in this article, the author examines this influence through a number of interviews, observations and narratives.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1162.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Florian Sonntag]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1162 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 14 Jan 2013 15:44:31 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/rabiaas_freekick.pdf" length="418915" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Qatar and the Palestinians]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1160.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Mouin Rabbani]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1160 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 14:01:59 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Mouin_Rabbani.pdf" length="916953" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Qatar and the Arab Spring]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1159.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Khalid Hroub]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1159 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 13:55:34 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Khaled_Hroub.pdf" length="70312" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Migrant Worker Rights Ahead of the 2022 World Cup]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1157.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Nadim Houry]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1157 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 13:34:22 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Nadim_Houry.pdf" length="943554" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Qatar]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1156.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Mustafa El-Labbad]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1156 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 13:23:43 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Mustafa_el-Labbad.pdf" length="69913" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ The People Want Reform… In Qatar, Too]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1155.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Ali Khalifa al-Kuwari]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1155 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 13:01:34 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Kuwari.pdf" length="384950" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Doha as Host and Site for the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change Negotiations]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1154.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Karim Makdisi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1154 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 Jan 2013 12:55:23 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Makdisi.pdf" length="505496" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Report on the 18th Climate Change Conference in Doha]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/qatar_gas_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Despite the proceedings of the Doha Climate Change Conference (COP 18) running a full day over their scheduled two week cut off, the nations of the Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) failed to come up with anything either new or meaningful. Doha ended as Durban had a year before: a commitment to extend the Kyoto Treaty and laying the ground for a new agreement to be brought in by 2015.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1135.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Habib Maalouf]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1135 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 02 Jan 2013 08:41:24 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/dohafinal-trans_(1).pdf" length="332132" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Democratic Transition in the Middle East]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Unmaking_Powers_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Popular uprisings and revolts across the Arab Middle East have often resulted in a democratic void in power. The book edited by Heinrich boell foundation examines how societies in Egypt, Yemen, Syria, Bahrain, Iraq and Lebanon seeks to fill that void, regardless of whether the regime falls or survives.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1089.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Larbi Kadiki, Heiko Wimmen and Layla Al-Zubaidi ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1089 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2012 12:12:02 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, CLICK <a href="/web/49-1086.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1088 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2012 11:12:59 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1086.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1086 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2012 11:01:58 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF EVENTS, CLICK <a href="/web/49-1083.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1085 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2012 10:57:05 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1083.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1083 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 26 Dec 2012 10:47:23 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, CLICK <a href="/web/114-1079.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1081 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:38:02 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1079.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1079 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:29:59 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF PROJECTS, CLICK <a href="/web/114-1076.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1078 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:25:52 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1076.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1076 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:20:47 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF EVENTS, CLICK <a href="/web/114-1073.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1075 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:17:18 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1073.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1073 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:11:41 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO READ MORE ARTICLES ON ENVIRONMENTAL JUSTICE, CLICK <a href="/web/114-1070.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1072 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 16:03:25 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1070.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1070 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:50:26 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, CLICK <a href="/web/113-1067.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1069 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:32:22 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1067.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1067 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:23:57 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF EVENTS, CLICK <a href="/web/113-1064.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1066 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:19:28 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1064.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1064 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:11:33 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO READ MORE ARTICLES ON CONFLICT &amp; INTERNATIONAL POLITICS, CLICK <a href="/web/113-1061.html">HERE</a></strong> 
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1063 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 15:06:03 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1061.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1061 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 24 Dec 2012 14:58:25 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Doha Experience]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Thumb_serhal.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Every year the countries of the world - with the support of a number of scholars, specialists and members of civil society - gather at a giant meeting organized by the United Nations to negotiate the measures that shall be taken to address the risks of climate change. But what matters in this context is that usually the host country that chairs the conference bears the largest burden for its success. Was Doha ready for this challenge?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1060.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Rami M. Serhal]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1060 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 23 Dec 2012 17:56:01 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/rami_article_annahar.pdf" length="64232" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Anywhere but Now]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Anywhere_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        This publication derives its title from a three-day symposium held in Beirut in April 2009, which brought together scholars, writers, filmmakers and artists to explore questions around landscapes of belonging. "Anywhere but Now" assembles diverse desires for elsewhere. It is a compilation of apart-ness, a chronicle of ruptures, violence and yearning, through time and across geographies.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1051.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Edited by Samar Kanafani, Munira Khayyat, Rasha Salti and Layla Al-Zubaidi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1051 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Dec 2012 09:33:37 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Anywhere_HBF_final_V4_web.pdf" length="18558706" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Release of "Anywhere but Now"]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/abn_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The Heinrich Böll Foundation has the pleasure to invite you to attend the release of its new print and online publication “ANYWHERE BUT NOW: LANDSCAPES OF BELONGING IN THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN” .
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-1048.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1048 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 13 Dec 2012 11:48:30 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Missing Questions in the Debate over Electoral Reform]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Karam_Karam_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        This article takes a different approach to electoral law, re-examining the critical questions being asked in an effort to shed light on the challenges confronting the process of reform in general, and electoral reform in particular.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1046.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Karam Karam - Political scientist and president of Legal Agenda - Article first published in Legal Agenda issue no. 6, October 2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1046 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 13 Dec 2012 10:35:48 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Electoral_Reforms_by_Robin_Moger.pdf" length="664877" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[The 18th Climate Change Conference in Doha repeats the failures of Durban]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Habib-1.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Doha ended as Durban had a year before: a commitment to extend the Kyoto Treaty (which, since its signatories produce less than 15 per cent of the world’s carbon dioxide emissions, mean to has little to offer the cause of climate change) and laying the ground for a new agreement to be brought in by 2015.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1045.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Habib Maalouf - Published in Al-Safir Newspaper on December 11, 2012]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1045 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 13 Dec 2012 10:05:00 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[Syria - the internationalization of a conflict?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/2-02-forum-1-6032_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On the annual foreign policy conference held in hbs main office in Berlin, one of the panels was dedicated to the situation in Syria and the internationalization of the conflict. Watch the recorded session <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_w7ZueI9YM&feature=youtu.be" target="_blank">here</a>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1043 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 12 Dec 2012 11:42:15 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Walking A Tightrope]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/walking_a_tihghtrope_thumb.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Over the past 15 years, the Arab World has witnessed the rapid development of its news media, raising standards of reporting as well as expectations. With the outbreak of what has become known as the "Arab Spring," the media landscape is again in a heightened state of flux. How far the Arab media have been, and will be, able to contribute to social and political change?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1039.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Layla Al-Zubaidi, Susanne Fischer and Magda Abu-Fadil]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1039 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 11 Dec 2012 11:00:49 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/walking_a_tihghtrope_final.pdf" length="6048742" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Book supported by Heinrich Böll Foundation receives the “2013 English PEN Award for Outstanding Writing in Translation”]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Thumb_writing_revolution.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The anthology “Writing Revolution: The Voices from Tunis to Damascus”, supported by the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s office in Beirut, is one of the six books to receive the “English PEN Award for Outstanding Writing in Translation” in the year 2013.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1030.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1030 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 04 Dec 2012 10:20:13 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF PUBLICATIONS, CLICK <a href="/web/52-1027.html">HERE</a></strong>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1029 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 13:58:27 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1027.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1027 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 13:50:02 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO READ MORE ARTICLES ON STATEHOOD &amp; PARTICIPATION, CLICK <a href="/web/52-1024.html">HERE</a></strong>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1026 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 13:38:32 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-1024.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1024 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 13:16:02 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        <strong>TO VIEW THE FULL LIST OF EVENTS, CLICK <a href="/web/52-1021.html">HERE</a></strong>
        <p> </p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1023 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 13:01:36 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1021 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 12:37:47 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[After Lebanon clarifies its official position on negotiations: What to expect from the 18th Climate Change Conference in Doha (COP 18)? ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/maalouf_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        With the 18th round of the Conference of Parties (COP 18) due to be held in Doha—the first time such proceedings have been hosted in an Arab country—many questions are raised over the long-term visions, expectations, capabilities and true positions of the nations taking part. What will the official Lebanese delegation bring to Doha? How has Lebanon prepared itself to deal with climate change and, more specifically, with negotiations over the issue, after pledging back in 2009 in Copenhagen to generate 12 per cent of its electricity from renewable sources?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-1017.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[First published in Al Safir Newspaper on 14/11/2012 by Habib Maalouf ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1017 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 30 Nov 2012 09:42:25 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Perspectives #4 November 2012 - Qatar: aspirations and realties]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/perspective_4_teaser_pic.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        In the Arab Gulf Region, one political actor, in particular, is becoming more visible, seemingly more engaged in navigating the uncertainties caused by the fast changes emerging in the region and in filling the gaps in this political scene: The state of Qatar. What is the role Qatar is trying to play in the region and is it being translated internally?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-1016.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 1016 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 Nov 2012 07:15:12 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_MENA_4_Qatar_Nov_2012_resized.pdf" length="913354" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Muslim Political Theology]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-982.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Ebrahim Moosa]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 982 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 Nov 2012 12:07:07 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Ebrahim-Moosa.pdf" length="445988" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Official Side Event at COP 18, Doha ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Side_Event_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <strong>The Renewable Energy Revolution – Lessons Applied in the Middle East and Africa<br />
        </strong>Friday 30 November 2012, 13:15 to 14:45, Room 5 -
        <p>Germany has undoubtedly raised the bar in terms of strategizing energy sourcing, and setting the pace for renewable energy policies. Its energy transition underway aims to cut the dependence on fossil fuel imports, to fight climate change, and to build up a green industrial sector that sets standards for future markets and provides well-paying jobs for thousands of people.</p>
        <p>This side event looks at lessons learnt for other regions in the world. What does it mean for the Middle East and the African continent with its great potential for renewable energies?</p>
        <p>
        </p>
        <ul>
            <li><a href="/downloads/Side_Event_COP18_HBS_WFC.pdf">Download the side event flyer</a></li>
        </ul>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 978 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 2012 07:49:06 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Green Economy – The New Magic Bullet?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/green_economy_policypaper_thumb.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Exactly what a green economy is and should be, and with what measures and instruments it should be implemented, has not yet been defined and is the topic of intense political debate. Nevertheless, efforts are being made to develop a “Green Economy Roadmap.” Rio+20 should not simply be a repetition of previous international conferences. Instead it must offer a true breakthrough on the path to a social, just, low-carbon and resource-efficient world.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-977.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Barbara Unmüßig - co-president of the Heinrich Böll Stiftung]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 977 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Nov 2012 07:20:39 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Green Sins - How the Green Economy Became a Subject of Controversy]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/tehuantepec80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Large-scale wind farms and solar power plants are springing up everywhere one looks. That’s good for the climate, but small-scale farmers and the poor are becoming the pawns of hard-nosed business interests around the world.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-976.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Barbara Unmüßig]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 976 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 13 Nov 2012 07:56:57 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An introduction to an existential anthropology]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Ibrahim_Ramadan_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        This article tackles many aspects of the Muslims’ lives in the western countries and their views about religion and freedom. In addition, the author Ibrahim Ramadan discusses how the west views the Muslims and what causes all these preconceptions. 
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-974.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Sheikh Ibrahim Ramadan]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 974 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Nov 2012 10:10:47 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Existential_Anthropology.pdf" length="135500" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Beyond Stereotypes...Beyond 9/11 ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-965.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Larbi Sadiki]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 965 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 28 Oct 2012 15:30:32 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/larabi_sadiki_article.pdf" length="313979" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Between a peaceful revolution and a militarized one]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/attar_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Is it correct to describe the Syrian revolution as “armed” and nothing more? Has the revolution been militarized? What has happened to the revolution’s non-violence? all these questions and more are tackled in this critical analysis.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-960.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Mohammad Al Attar and Odai Al Zoubi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 960 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 25 Oct 2012 19:46:45 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Between_a_peaceful_revolution_and_a_militarized_one.pdf" length="252299" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Refugees in the desert]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Zaatari_visit_report-_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Since its establishment in July 2012, Al-Zaatary refugee camp in Jordan has been controversial. Dr. René Wildangel of <a href="http://www.ps.boell.org">Heinrich-Böll-Stiftung Palestine/ Jordan</a> visited the camp on October 3rd, 2012 and reported the living conditions and the services provided there and highlighted the reasons behind the anger and desperation the refugees are expressing through riots and protests.
        <p></p>
        <p>Read the full report <a href="http://www.ps.boell.org/downloads/Visit_Zaatari_camp.pdf">here</a></p>
    ]]></description>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Dr. René Wildangel]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 947 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 18 Oct 2012 02:32:42 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Whose Parliament is it?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Mufakira_Thumb.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The Legal Agenda and the Committee of Families of the Kidnapped and Missing invites you to attend the seminar “Whose Parliament is it? The legislator refrains from ensuring the right of the families of the kidnapped and missing to know.”
        <div><br />
        </div>
        <div>The seminar will take place on Wednesday October 17th at “Université pour Tous” building, 107 Saint Joseph University street (The entrance is across from the parking of Saint Joseph Church)</div>
        <div><br />
        </div>
        <div>For more information, call: 01-383606 or contact: <a href="mailto:info@legal-agenda.com">info@legal-agenda.com</a></div>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 943 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 15 Oct 2012 15:09:57 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Modern Heritage Observatory]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/moho_announcement_thumb.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The Modern Heritage Observatory is an initiative launched by Heinrich Boell Foundation in partnership with organizations from around the MENA region. The project aims to advocate for the preservation of modern cultural heritage – with an emphasis on photography, music, architecture, video and film – in the Middle East and North Africa.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-932.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 932 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 04 Sep 2012 19:28:21 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        
        
        <p>KAYANI is an independent media project designed and implemented by Syrian activists. It aims at contributing to the creation of a new Syrian civil society through establishing an independent platform for young voices of Syria who use audio-visual media to express their point of views. The main concern of the project is to portray the human-interest stories behind the Syrian uprising through artistic means.</p>
        <p>Visit KAYANI's website <a href="https://www.facebook.com/KayaniKyany" target="_blank">here</a><br />
        Watch the project's short documentaries <span>"A Tribute to Mehsal Temo" and </span><span>"Yabroud declares Assad toppled" <a href="http://www.youtube.com/user/kayaniwebtv" target="_blank">here</a></span></p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 924 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 02 Sep 2012 16:50:48 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/dawlaty-pic.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Dawlaty is an initiative launched by young Syrian activists and aiming at promoting the participation and engagement in the state building process in Syria through the development of creative tools like animation films, brochures, posters, graffiti... all materials developed use the Syrian dialect to expand the scope of the project's reach. <a href="http://www.dawlaty.org/">more</a>   
    ]]></description>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 923 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 02 Sep 2012 16:24:23 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Rise of Belligerent Nihilist Tendencies in Syria ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Yassin_al-Haj_Salih_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        In the Syrian revolution we witness an increase of both violence and religiosity, in combination with a general withdrawal of trust from the world that is perceived as well aware of the Syrian suffering but inactive. Syrian analyst Yassin Haj Saleh explores the different varieties of nihilism this produces and points to the fact that the rise of nihilism weakens the same social fabric that could help restrain the phenomenon.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-910.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Yassin al-Hajj Saleh]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 910 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 28 Aug 2012 15:23:13 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/the_rise_of_nihilism.pdf" length="232088" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bashar al-Assad‘s “Groundhog Day”]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/bente_teaser_photo.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        There has been a lot written on the ‘endgame’ in Syria. In some regards, the situation resembles more “Groundhog Day” than an “Hour Zero”. For 18 months, there has not been a single day during which the Syrian regime has not faced countrywide protests to overthrow it. And there has not been any indication that the President Bashar al-Asad is searching for a solution. Even though President Assad grimly holds on to power, he allows his troops and militias to rampage as if he has already acknowledged that he does not have a chance of staying in power.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-898.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Bente Scheller]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 898 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 18 Aug 2012 10:02:41 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/bente_article_pdf.pdf" length="56809" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Two kinds of Islamophobia]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-895.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 895 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 12:02:32 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Khaled_Ahmed_-_PDF.pdf" length="134829" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Islam and Sociology]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-893.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 893 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 11:40:17 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Ray_Jureidini_-_PDF.pdf" length="118025" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ONCE AGAIN ON ISLAMOPHOBIA]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-891.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 891 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 11:21:47 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Halevi_-_PDF.pdf" length="131962" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Mother of All Conspiracies? ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-889.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 889 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 10:56:09 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/El_Affendi_-_PDF.pdf" length="130844" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Muslims In European and American Public Spheres and The Limits of The Liberal Theories Of Citizenship]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-886.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 886 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 10:18:54 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Cesari_-_PDF.pdf" length="125476" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cartoons & Minarets]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-881.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 881 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Aug 2012 08:32:59 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[In the shadow of the church]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Doreen_Khoury_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Syrians Christians has been one of the main focuses of mainstream Western journalists, in their coverage of the Syrian revolution against the Assad regime.   Journalists have written about the ‘plight’ of Christians, the threat they face from the opposition rebels and their uncertain future in a post-Assad Syria.  While the targeting of Christians cannot be dismissed out of hand, there has been little conclusive evidence that Christians have been deliberately driven out of their homes or villages. This article is a critical look at the main themes used by journalists when covering Syrian Christians.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-879.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 879 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 08 Aug 2012 12:00:01 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/In_the_shadow_of_the_church.pdf" length="89287" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The International Community and the Syrian Revolution]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Haid_Haid.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="93" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <span>The Syrian revolution is more than fifteen months old, with the average number of Syrian civilians and combatants (from both anti- and pro-regime forces) killed rising higher every day, yet many still find themselves unable to agree on how to respond to the crisis. The international community remains powerless to halt the slaughter, the complexity of the situation in Syria contributing to its reluctance to fulfill its obligations and help protect the Syrian people. </span>
        <p><span>Haid's article is also available in <a href="http://www.lb.boell.org/web/19-871.html">Arabic</a> and <a href="http://www.schutzverantwortung.de/rtop-in-der-diskussion/die-internationale-gemeinschaft-und-die-syrische-revolution498.html">German</a></span></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-875.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Haid Haid]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 875 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 29 Jul 2012 15:32:49 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/The_IC_and_the_Syrian_Revolution.pdf" length="94179" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Signs of Conflict]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/logo_signs_of_conflict.png" alt="" width="80" height="57" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p><span>“Signs of conflict” online database was recently launched with the support of HBS Middle East office. The website is a result of an on-going research since 2003 that examines the deployment of political rhetoric elaborated in visual culture, significant in the critical times of conflict when ideological constructions are materialized and diffused. “Signs of conflict” provides a rich archive of posters produced by the various warring factions, political parties and movements in Lebanon during the civil war (1975-1990).</span>
        </p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-869.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 869 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jul 2012 13:50:54 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-867.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 867 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 24 Jul 2012 12:51:40 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Home Workspace Program - Open Studios]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/image-5.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>As Home Workspace first edition reaches its conclusion, Ashkal Alwan invites you to attend the program’s open studios featuring 12 artists/participants. The open studios offer a rich variety of artistic disciplines and forms including videos, installations, paintings, drawings, music, digital prints, photos and performances. 
        </p>
        <p> </p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-864.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 864 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jul 2012 13:04:01 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-862.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 862 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Jul 2012 21:14:47 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Climate Change Challenges in the Arab Middle East and North Africa]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/CC_summer_school_tree_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>30 September to 4 October 2012 - The Heinrich Böll Stiftung, through its offices in Ramallah, Beirut and Tunis hosted the Second Regional Summer School on “Climate Change Challenges in the Arab Middle East and North Africa” in Amman - Jordan. </p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-859.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 859 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 30 Jun 2012 12:23:24 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Critique of the Green Economy - A Conversation with Barbara Unmüßig, President of the Heinrich Böll Foundation]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Barbara_Unmuessig_Teaser_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="90" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On 31 May 2012, after a press conference entitled “<em>Figures, Dates, and Facts about the June 2012 Rio Summit: A Green Economy – Silver Bullet or Wolf in Sheep’s Clothing?</em>”, Barbara Unmüßig, a long time environmentalist and co-president of the Heinrich Böll Foundation, spoke with the online news website Schattenblick.<br />
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-853.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 853 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2012 15:59:34 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Barbara_Unmuessig-Critique_of_the_Green_Economy.pdf" length="58170" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Mixed Feelings In Pictures: A Look At Racism and 'Othering in Lebanon From a Lebanese Perspective]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/mixed-feelings_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <em>27 June 2012, at Dar Al Mussawir, Wardeyyeh, Hamra, Beirut</em> - Opening of the exhibition 'Mixed Feelings' in Pictures, A collaboration between photographer Marta Bogdańska and copywriter/activist Nisreen Kaj. Through a subtle combination of images and words, <em>Mixed Feelings</em> aims at highlighting the issue of racism in contemporary Lebanon through its Lebanese participants.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-845.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 845 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 22 Jun 2012 13:03:26 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Horsh Beirut, All Over Beirut]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/horsh_all_over_beirut_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>Saturday, 16 June 2012&nbsp; - A coalition of NGO's took over 12 spots in Beirut, to demand a clear decision from the Municipality of Beirut to open Horsh Beirut, and to provide a date for its opening.</p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-840.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 840 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jun 2012 20:14:19 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Public Service, Competitive Examination and the Principle of Equality]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/legal_agenda_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Thursday, 14 June 2012&nbsp; - During the past two decades, the legislator has resorted to the appointment of civil servants without or through limited-access examinations. How did such practices emerge? What are their extents and dimensions on the whole political and social systems?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-839.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 839 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 11 Jun 2012 19:19:25 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Phone Call That Shook a Nation]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Mustapha_Hamoui_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On Saturday May 12, a young man from Tripoli Lebanon, named Shadi el Mawlawi received an important phone call. The events triggered by this call ended up rocking Tripoli and the rest of Lebanon for several weeks.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-834.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Mustapha M. Hamoui]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 834 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 05 Jun 2012 12:46:39 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Mustapha_Hamoui-A_Phone_Call_That_Shook_The_Nation.pdf" length="283812" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[الثورة السورية والقيم الدستورية الجديدة]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        ثار شباب الثورة السورية ضد حالة الشقاء وانعدام الأمل التي وقع فيها أجيال من السوريين لخمسين عاماً. بنزولهم إلى الشوارع كل يوم، عبّر شباب الثورة عن إدراكهم العميق بأن ظروف الحياة الشقية التي يعيشون فيها ليست قدراً. وأن سبب ذلك سوء إدارة معمم للشؤون العامة. وأن المعاناة على المستوى المحلي مرتبط بعبث السياسات على المستوى الوطني. وأن التخبط في السياسات الوطنية سببه غياب المشاركة والشفافية والمحاسبة، والقضاء المستقل. وأن فقدان إمكانيات مُساءلة الحكومة سببه انعدام تداول السلطة. وأن كل ذلك تم تكريسه في الدساتير السورية المتلاحقة في الخمسين سنة الماضية، التي جعلت السلطات التشريعية والتنفيذية والقضائية تتضافر لتجعل من الحكم أداة للإحاطة بالتذمر وإسكاته، وانتاج للخوف، بدل أن تكون ضامناً للكرامة الإنسانية. كسر الشباب حاجز الخوف، وقالوا بكلمات بسيطة كل شيء. <br />
        مقالة كتبها عبد الحي سيد 
        <p></p>
        <p>&nbsp;</p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/19-822.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 822 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 30 May 2012 12:30:52 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Abdel_Hay_Sayed_article(1).pdf" length="370711" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ What Kind of Support Do Syrians Want?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Mohammed-al-Attar_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Beneath layers of complexity and political wrangling, we should not forget that the Syrian revolutionaries are fighting for their basic rights to dignity, equality and a respectable standard of living. More than a political decision, supporting them is first and foremost a humanitarian and moral duty.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-815.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Mohammed Al Attar]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 815 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 28 May 2012 14:32:57 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Mohammed_al-Attar-The_Constant_Refrain-What_kind_of_Support_Do_Syrians_Want.pdf" length="279220" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Tests of Shame (Homosexuality and Virginity Tests)]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Legal_Agenda_Judiciary_Rights_and_Freedoms_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On 23 May 2012, <a href="http://legal-agenda.com" title="Legal Agenda Website" target="_blank">The Legal Agenda</a> hosted a seminar on the practices of homosexuality and virginity tests by the Protection of Public Morality Bureau (the Vice Division). While such degrading physical examinations continue, away from public knowledge, the Legal Agenda is keen on opening the debate on this issue: how are such examinations performed and in which cases? What are the implications of resorting to such methods of investigation to prove sexual behaviors? Are there any legal means to end this practice?&nbsp;
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-806.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 806 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 May 2012 20:47:49 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Art and Archive. Open Call for Proposals]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/koeln_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        The City of Cologne and the City of Beirut with their partners launched a call for applications welcoming art practitioners to apply for a residency in all art disciplines including visual arts, writers, musicians, curators, film makers, art researchers etc. the call was lately closed and the Cologne and Beirut juries have chosen two resident artist to participate in a three month residency program in the two cities.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-802.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 802 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 10 May 2012 14:22:32 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Syrian Shabiha and Their State]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Yassin_al-Haj_Salih_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>Yassin al-Haj Saleh, dissects the functioning, motivations, funding and ideology of the Syrian 'shabiha', from their appearance in the 1970s until their reemmergence during the revolution. Saleh shows their central role in maintaining a regime in power that has long lost touch with people’s interests, morality and reality.</p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-801.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Yassin al-Haj Salih]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 801 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 10:15:05 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Yassin_al-Haj_Saleh-The_Syrian_Shabiha_and_Their_State.pdf" length="369533" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[The Kurds and the Syrian Revolution]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/The_Kurds_and_the_Syrian_Revolution_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Despite endemic discrimination and oppression, Syria's Kurds have been hesitant to join the Syrian uprising against the Assad regime. A larger Kurdish participation would significantly impact the course of events, but the various Kurdish political actors have had diverging reactions to the revolution, the role of Turkey and the fate of Kurdish interests in a free Syria.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-800.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Bakr Sidki]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 800 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 06:31:58 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Bakr_Sidqi-The_Kurds_and_the_Syrian_Revolution.pdf" length="278176" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Discourse and Performance of the Syrian Opposition Since the Beginning of the Revolution]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Hazem_Naher_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        This study attempts to understand various issues connected with the political and media discourse, as well as the political performance and achievements, of the Syrian opposition.
        <p>Moving beyond the various flaws that plague the opposition, it seeks to sketch out possible alternatives that could allow these political forces to elevate their discourse and performance to levels that benefit the revolution.</p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-788.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Dr. Hazem Nahar]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 788 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Apr 2012 00:03:09 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Hazem_Al-Nahar_The_discourse_and_performance_of_the_Syrian_opposition_since_the_beginning_of_the_revolution.pdf" length="442891" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Judge and Women’s Right to Nationality]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/legal_agenda_nationality_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On 11 April 2012, on the occasion of the release of Judge John Kazzi’s book 'A Trip of a Lifetime to Nationality' and the reopening of the debate on women’s right to grant nationality to their children, Legal Agenda, Women’s Nationality Rights Campaign and Kafa organized a conference under the title: The Judge and Women’s Right to Nationality.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-787.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 787 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 09 Apr 2012 22:07:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Follow up on Climate Change Negotiations]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/UNFCCC_80.gif" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The Lebanese Commission for Environment and Development (LCED) has been, for several years, working on climate change issues, including mainly research and awareness. The Heinrich Böll Foundation Middle East supported the participation of members of the LCED in several United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) Conferences of the Parties from Bali to Poznan, Copenhagen, Cancun and Durban.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-778.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 778 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 29 Mar 2012 10:32:15 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bada’el Issue on Ecological Conversion after the Revolutions ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/badael-logo_80.gif" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <em>Ecologia</em> in cooperation with the Heinrich Boell Foundation, Middle East Office is preparing a new issue of Bada’el on the need for ecological conversion after the revolutions in the Arab World.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-774.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 774 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 Mar 2012 16:17:23 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Beneath the Liberation Monument all that is Solid Vanishes into Air]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Saad_Salloum.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        A personal account of the motives and dynamics of the Iraqi protest movement that found inspiration in the Arab revolutions.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-771.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Saad Salloum]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 771 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 15 Mar 2012 09:25:04 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[No Freedom without Equality]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/traboulsi_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Through the slogans of the Arab spring and through historical insights on Arab social movements, Fawwaz Traboulsi reviews the revolutionary path ahead to democratization.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-770.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Fawwaz Traboulsi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 770 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 14 Mar 2012 11:16:33 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[An Ethical Crisis at the Top of the Judicial Hierarchy]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Legal_Agenda_Judiciary_Rights_and_Freedoms_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        A judge (Ghassan Rabah) presiding a section in the Supreme Court (Court of Cassation), and a member of the Supreme Judicial Council, is accused of negotiating a bribery.<br />
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-760.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 760 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 01 Mar 2012 10:47:37 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        Our dossier aims at providing a platform for analysis and comment from Syrian and regional experts on the Syrian revolution, Syria’s diverse and complex social makeup, and its relations with regional actors. The goal is also to provide “behind-the scene” narratives from Syrian activists and intellectuals on the ground and to contribute to literature on the Syrian revolution.&nbsp;
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-749.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 749 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 21:34:45 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Militarization, Violence and the Revolution]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        It would mean very little to talk about the increasingly military nature of the Syria revolution, without taking into account the 320 days of conflict with a regime that has used unrestrained violence from the very outset, or the intellectual, political and psychological changes that have taken place in society and the revolutionary movement during these bloody months.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-748.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Yassin al-Haj Saleh]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 748 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Feb 2012 21:28:19 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-12_Militarization_Violence_and_the_Revolution.pdf" length="401473" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Censorship in Lebanon: Law and Practice]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Censorship_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>This study aims to provide a comprehensive assessment of censorship in Lebanon which will hopefully allow the many local artistic and cultural actors the opportunity to lobby for the most appropriate legislative amendments to the current censorship regulations which are currently not conducive to their work.
        </p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-744.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 744 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2012 08:30:09 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Legislative trends in 2011]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/legal_agenda_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>On Thursday,&nbsp; 23 February 2012, in the context of monitoring the legislative activity in Lebanon, the ‘Legal Agenda’ organized a seminar to qualitatively and quantitatively assess the legislation issued in 2011.</p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-743.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 743 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Feb 2012 20:44:28 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Revolution as Model and the Image of Tahrir Square... Syrians are Paying a Double Price]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        This article by Mohammad Al Attar springs from his very real feelings of bitterness. After ten months have passed, the Syrian regime’s savage machinery of repression continues to chew up those who have risen up against it. Syrian blood lies thick upon the ground and it continues to flow.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-740.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 740 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 15:46:01 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-11_The_Revolution_as_Model_and_the_Image_of_Tahrir_Square_Syrians_are_Paying_a_Double_Price.pdf" length="444104" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Assad Regime: Controlling Information and the Contradictory Image]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        During one of his meetings with a group of Syrian students on May 5, 2011, Bashar Assad mentioned that it was not the demonstrators that bothered him so much as the people who filmed them and sent the images to the media.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-738.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Mustafa Haid]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 738 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 15:24:39 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-10_The_Assad_Regime_Controlling_Information_and_the_Contradictory_Image.pdf" length="380359" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Is it Winter or Spring for Christians in Syria?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        Since the Arab uprisings began, the Western media has questioned whether the Arab Spring has turned into a ‘Christian winter’, following the tragic outcome of the Maspero demonstrations in Cairo on October 9, 2011. Lebanese Maronite Christian Patriarch Bechara Rai started to stoke fears over Syrian Christians with controversial remarks on the future of Christians in the region. Rai focused on the Syrian uprising, warning that the downfall of the Assad regime would either lead to sectarian civil war, disintegration of Syria into sectarian mini-states or a fundamentalist Sunni regime.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-737.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Doreen Khoury]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 737 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 15:10:42 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-09_Is_it_Winter_or_Spring_for_Christians_in_Syria.pdf" length="384963" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Syrian Revolution and the New Constitutional Values]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        The youths of the revolution broke the wall of fear, and said everything in simple words. They questioned the foundation of their loathsome present and its political roots, and, with their dreams, they are now laying the grounds for a different future.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-735.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Abdulhay Sayed]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 735 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 14:49:34 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-08_The_Syrian_Revolution_and_the_New_Constitutional_Values.pdf" length="382201" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Dictatorship, Military Intervention, and False Binaries in Syria]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        After almost five decades, when the time came to publicly oppose authoritarian rule in Syria, one would have thought that it was the rational and decent thing to do. And it is. More than that, it is incumbent on anyone who cares about Syrians (let us leave “Syria” alone for a moment) to struggle for the establishment of a political system that is free(r) of all forms of oppression. So, what is the problem?<br />
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-734.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Bassam Haddad]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 734 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 14:30:40 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-07_Dictatorship_Military_Intervention_and_False_Binaries_in_Syria.pdf" length="378639" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Crisis of the Politics of Mumana’ah]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        There are ever multiplying attempts to draw a distinction between the policies of ‘mumana’ah’ (a middle ground between ‘steadfastness and ‘forbiddance’) followed by the Syrian regime, and the country’s internal crisis that led to the current popular uprising.<br />
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-733.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Fawwaz Traboulsi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 733 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 13:48:41 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-06_The_Crisis_of_the_Politics_of_Mumanaah.pdf" length="369985" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Syrian Revolution and the Role of Turkey]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        Turkey is one of the states that is most affected by the Arab revolutions of 2011. Thrown into confusion by the Libyan revolution, the Turkish government then found itself confronted by a popular uprising in Syria. First adopting the role of advisor to its neighbor, its failure to make the Syrian regime enact political reforms conducive to gradual democratic change, soon saw Turkey declare its open support for the Syrian people and their demands.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-732.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Bakr Sidki]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 732 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 13:34:31 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-05_The_Syrian_Revolution_and_the_Role_of_Turkey.pdf" length="381722" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[No End in Sight to Syria’s Economic Woes]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        The Syrian economy did not collapse in 2011, as many, including the Syrian president himself, had predicted, but it has suffered tremendously from the flight of investors, the reluctance of households to spend, a dismal economic policy and international sanctions.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-731.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Jihad Yazigi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 731 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 16 Feb 2012 11:51:16 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-04_No_End_in_Sight_to_Syria_s_Economic_Woes.pdf" length="371846" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Narrating Beirut from its Borderlines]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/NBFB_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Narrating Beirut from its Borderlines is a collection of four small research studies that examine a number of the physical and immaterial borderlines that have come to define the contemporary geography of Beirut and its peripheries since 2005.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-727.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Mohamad Hafeda, Hiba Bou Akar, Dana Mazraani and Massa Ammouri]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 727 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 13 Feb 2012 15:59:38 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The Syrian Revolution is an Experiment in the Creation of a People]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        Yassin al-Haj Saleh, Syrian writer and dissenter based in Damscus, discusses the revolution's impact on the identity of the social people, the attitude of the regime and the role of international actors.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-726.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 726 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 12 Feb 2012 19:43:15 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-03_The_Syrian_Revolution_is_an_Experiment_in_the_Creation_of_a_People.pdf" length="374657" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[From the Kingdom of Assad to the Third Republic]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        The Syrian republic did not come into being on any fixed date; no date to which all Syrians - or even some of them - can refer to. Modern Syrian history - it hardly has any other kind of history - is a series of struggles for the republic.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-724.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Yassin al-Haj Saleh]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 724 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 11 Feb 2012 20:20:56 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-02_From_the_Kingdom_of_Assad_to_the_Third_Republic.pdf" length="394644" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Syria: The Current Situation and Possible Solutions]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
        Ten months ago the peaceful uprising began; three hundred and fifty days, more or less, during which 6,000 people have been killed at a rate of twenty per day and over 100,000 citizens have been arrested or detained. Ten months, while the regime continues to kill citizens its repressive tactics have reached a pitch of savagery unparalleled in the recent history of the Arab world and have led the country down a dark narrow tunnel, destined for the abyss.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-722.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Hassân Abbas]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 722 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 11 Feb 2012 19:33:36 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Perspectives_03-01_Syria_The_Current_Situation_and_Possible_Solutions.pdf" length="390823" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Perspectives #3 February 2012 - Syria's Revolution: Society, Power, Ideology]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Perspectives3_Syria_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        It is almost a year ago that Syrian citizens, inspired by the revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt, courageously took to the streets in protest against the decades-long denial of their basic rights by the Assad regime.&nbsp;
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-705.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 705 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 07 Feb 2012 20:13:31 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Where did the judiciary succeed in safeguarding and consecrating basic rights and public freedoms in 2011?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Legal_Agenda_Judiciary_Rights_and_Freedoms_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On 26 January 2012, the Legal Agenda in collaboration with the Heinrich Böll Foundation - Middle East Office organized a seminar to review the most important judicial decisions of 2011.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-693.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 693 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 19 Jan 2012 19:35:26 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Kherr Berr]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/kherrberr_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        “Kherr Berr” is a media monitor that specializes in overseeing the different types of gender discrimination, including biases based on color, race, religion, appearance, sexual orientation, and social class. Kherr Berr also regulates “social transgressions” found in the media and advertising worlds, like the encouragement of violence against fellow humans in general, and women in specific.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-692.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 692 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 16 Jan 2012 13:21:12 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Kalamon ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/kalamon_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Kalamon is an Arabic quarterly magazine published in Lebanon. It seeks to provide a free space for articles, essays, studies and literary texts pertaining to the Arab world and aims at stimulating dialogue among intellectuals and academics, artists and critics from the region and the world.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-685.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 685 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 12 Jan 2012 13:30:55 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Legal Agenda - Al Mufakkira Al Qanuniyya]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/legal_agenda_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Legal Agenda -Al Mufakkira Al Qanuniyya- is a non-governmental, non-profit organization based in Beirut. They aim at lifting the barrier between law and society in Lebanon and the Arab world generally, as to ensure the making of law is not monopolized by those in power and enable average citizens, rather than legal experts alone, to understand and criticize it.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-682.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 682 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:48:21 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Women, Revolution, Politics and Power]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Dalal_Bizri_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        During the Arab uprisings, an unprecedented number of women took to the streets, paving the way for a more important role in politics. However, in the transitional period that follows, they now have to fight against their exclusion from the political arena.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-675.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Dalal al-Bizri]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 675 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Dec 2011 13:15:17 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What are we Expecting from the UNFCCC COP 17 Meeting in Durban?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/LCED_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Organized by the Lebanese Commission for Environment and Development in collaboration with the Heinrich Boell Stiftung, Middle East Office, the Ministry of Environment and the League of Independent Activists, Indyact.
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-670.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 670 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Nov 2011 08:26:25 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[There Must Be a Freedom Square - And We Have Set the Date]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Syria80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        From Syria, 8 months after the beginning of the popular uprising, this article offers a personal account of the brutality of the repression and its implications on the lives of human right activists.
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-668.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Razan Zaitouneh]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 668 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:00:32 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Is it Winter or Spring for Christians in Syria?]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Doreen_Khoury_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Following the popular uprisings, there has been much amount of debate on the future of minority Christians sects in the region. Is the new Arab world hostile to Christians? Is it wise for them to fear the downfall of the Assad regime?
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-659.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Doreen Khoury]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 659 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 11 Nov 2011 10:08:06 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Hanaa Edwar from the Iraqi Al-Amal association awarded the Sean MacBride Peace Prize 2011 by International Peace Bureau]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/HanaaEdwar_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The International Peace bureau (IPB) is to award the MacBride Prize 2010 to the Heinrich Böll Foundation Middle East's partner Hanaa Edwar for her contribution to the advancement of democracy and human rights as well as her firm stand against violence and war.&nbsp;
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-646.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 646 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 13 Oct 2011 12:42:52 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[3rd Arab Bloggers Meeting in Tunisia]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/AB11_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        3 - 6 October 2011 Global Voices Online, Nawaatand the Heinrich Böll Foundation Middle East co-hosted the 3rd Arab Bloggers Meeting in Tunis with around 100 participants from more than 20 countries.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-640.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 640 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 12 Oct 2011 13:58:49 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Gender Politics Makes a Difference: Experiences of the Heinrich Böll Foundation Across the World]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Gender_Politics_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The Heinrich Böll Foundation presents some of its experiences -- both setbacks and successes -- in the promotion of gender democracy. It is just a small sample of HBS' work all over the world.  HBS is very much aware that its political and financial contributions are often only part of a larger network; yet its work does make a difference – for more gender justice.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-635.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[by Barbara Unmüßig]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 635 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 27 Sep 2011 19:04:34 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Religion, Politics & Gender Equality UNRISD Research and Policy Brief 11]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/GWI_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Religion has an important function in the public and political life of many societies that also affects the relations between men and women as well as the right to gender equality.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-619.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 619 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 20 Jul 2011 10:45:37 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cases of Femicide before Lebanese Courts]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/femicide80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        &nbsp;“Cases of Femicide before Lebanese Courts” is a study that sheds light on some of the crimes committed against women and girls within the context of the family structure and its relations in Lebanon.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-618.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Azza Charara Baydoun]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 618 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 18 Jul 2011 21:23:26 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[To the Death: A survey of the continuing experiences among fighters from Lebanon's Civil Wars]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/tothedeath_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        No history of the Lebanese civil war can ever be complete if it fails to explain why ordinary Lebanese chose to fight and how they perceive the actions they took during the war. With that in mind, this work has attempted to identify and elucidate some of the many factors that compelled Lebanese to enter the fray.<br />
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-609.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 609 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 07 Jul 2011 10:42:30 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[NGOs and Climate Crisis: Fragmentation, Lines of Conflict and Strategic Approaches]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/System-Change-not-Climate-Change-80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Climate policy active NGOs and movements are fragmented and characterized by heterogeneous interests. Cleavages exist in important issues and the choice of strategies. A discussion of complementary strategies and division of labor is an urgent need.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-594.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Barbara Unmüßig]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 594 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 15 Jun 2011 12:40:10 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[﻿﻿Global Prayers – Redemption and Liberation in the City]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/globalprayers_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p> </p>
        <p>
        </p>
        <p><strong>21 June 2011 6pm to 9pm at Hangar/Umam, Beirut, Lebanon.</strong> Holy Ghost services which feel like pop concerts; cinemas and theatres converted into churches; the Koran and the Bible as rap songs. New religious movements have arrived on the urban scene across the world – be it in Lagos, Rio de Janeiro, Istanbul, Mumbai, Berlin, London, or Beirut.</p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-592.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 592 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 14 Jun 2011 10:23:51 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[“Today’s Youth is Tomorrow’s Future!”: Lebanese Politics in the Eyes of Young Sunni Activists]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Francisco_Mazzola_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        <p>Lebanese Politics is characterized by the social and political hegemony of its sectarian elites. The latest political crisis in Lebanon, the fall of Hariris government on January 12th, 2011 and the appointment of Najib Mikati as designated Prime Minister, was somehow a defeat for Saad Hariri. However, by constantly upholding the ‘martyrdom’ of his father’s death, he still manages to secure his power within the community. Through interviews with the youth section members of his Future Movement, this study sheds light on the latest developments in Lebanese politics from the perspective of young Sunni activists.
        <p></p>
        </p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-588.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 588 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 08 Jun 2011 11:27:45 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Climate Change and Tourism in Lebanon]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/climatechange_and_tourism_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        Worldwide, the inexorable growth of the tourism sector with its high demand for land and other resources has reignited the debate about the environmental impact of tourism. Given the number of natural attractions in Lebanon on the one hand and the fact that its tourism development is only beginning anew on the other hand, it offers a rare opportunity to sufficiently consider, at least in theory, the interrelations of climate change and tourism from the onset.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-581.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Manja Riebe]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 581 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 08 May 2011 13:35:42 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Perspectives #2 May 2011, Special Issue: People's Power - The Arab World in Revolt]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/02_Perspectives_ME_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        The self-immolation of young and jobless Tunisian Mohamed Bouazizi in the provincial town of Sidi Bouzid, being deprived of his vegetable stand and humiliated by the authorities, triggered popular movements and historic events in the Arab World completely unexpected in their magnitude…
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-579.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[With Contributions from Mouin Rabbani, Fawaz Traboulsi, Ahmad Beydoun, Mohammed Ali Atassi, Hussein Yaakoub, Yassine Temlali, Asef Bayat, Muhammad Ali Khalidi, Terry Regier, Mansoura Ez-Eldin, Aref Hijjawi, Magda Abu-Fadil, Doreen Khoury]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 579 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 26 Apr 2011 07:48:02 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Perspectives - Perspectives - Political Analysis and Commentary from the Middle East]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/index-577.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 577 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 26 Apr 2011 07:38:56 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Perspectives #1 April 2011: Nuclear Energy and the Arab World - Ambition and Peril]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/perspectives_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>In the first edition of Perspectives Middle East, activists and decision-makers from the Arab world and Europe critically discuss the transfer and use of civilian nuclear energy in the region.</p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-574.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[With contributions from Mohamed Abdel Raouf, Hamed Beheshti, Ali Darwish, Leila Ghanem, Dennis Kumentat und Nikolaus Supersberger, Najib Saab, Larbi Sadiki, und Jürgen Trittin.]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 574 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 04 Apr 2011 15:01:28 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Cartoons and Minarets: Western Depictions of Islam and Muslim Public Protest 10 Years after 11 September]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Tariq_Ramadan_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        On 1-2 April 2011, the Heinrich Böll Stiftung Middle East and the American University of Beirut (AUB) organized a Symposium that shed light on the phenomenon of Islamophobia in the West and the responses of communities across the Muslim world. The debate concentrated on questions of freedom of expression, racism, integration policies, democratic values, critical self-reflection and humor.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-564.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 564 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Mar 2011 14:05:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Independent Film & Television College Documentary Film Festival 2011]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Baghdad2011_Poster_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>In April and May 2011, the Independent Film &amp; Television College (Baghdad) organized a traveling film festival in Iraq where it screened 16 short documentaries made by its students.</p>
        <p>These films, made by young Iraqis at the beginning of their filmmaking experience, all reflect upon the life of ordinary Iraqis in these extraordinary times, through which the country and its people have been living since the fall of the former regime.</p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-560.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 560 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 16 Mar 2011 14:07:13 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Social Sciences in Arab Countries Facing a Scientific Multi-Versalism: Pathways, Challenges and Constraints]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/AUB_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        
        
        <p>8-9 July 2011 at the American University of Beirut, Lebanon. The emergence of a multi-polar science world with many emerging and strong science communities in East-Asia, India and Latin America and, last but not least, in the Arab countries, indicate the end of the exclusive reign of Western social sciences and the beginning of a new era of international social science collaborations.
        </p>
        <p></p>
        <p></p>
        <p></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-548.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 548 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 21 Feb 2011 10:04:06 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[هل نسقط مرضى جميعاً بفعل التغيّر المُناخي؟ - بدائل العدد 11 – 2011]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Badael_cover_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
        <strong> </strong>إذا كان  التغير المناخي الذي تسبَّبنا به نحن البشر أفضى بنا إلى إفقار الأنظمة الحيوية البيئية، ونضوب الموارد والثروات الطبيعية (الأراضي الصالحة للزراعة، الموارد المائية، المعادن، الغابات الخ..) وإلى المزيد من التصحّر، وانخفاض الإنتاج الزراعي بنسبة ستين في المائة، وإلى تزايد وقوع الكوارث الطبيعية، والمزيد من حركات الهجرة لا بل المزيد من اشتعال الحروب، فمن البديهي أن يكون هناك انعكاس لذلك كله على الصحة، وأن يؤدّي إلى انخفاض متوسط عمر الإنسان.<br />
        يقول جان مارك جنكوفيتشي Jean Marc Jancovici  إن خير وسيلة لقياس مدى التأثيرات الصحية الناجمة عن تغيير المناخ، هو إجراء دراسة علمية إحصائية  تعتمد منهج علم الأوبئة   (épidémiologie) كدراسة أثر التلوّث بدخان السيارات ودخان التبغ مثلاً، أو دراسة التعرّض لهذه أو تلك من الموادّ التي يُفترَض أنها سامّة ( مثل مادة يونون Ionone، ذات الإشعاعات التي تبعث مادة كيميائية لها رائحة البنفسج)، وغيرها من الدراسات..<br />
        <br />
        جان مارك جنكوفيتشي خبير بالتغير المناخي وحائز على دكتوراه من المدرسة العليا للتكنولوجيا وشهادة من المدرسة العليا للاتصالات، لديه خمس مؤلفات حول التغيير المناخي، والاحتباس الحراري، وحول مستقبل المناخ الذي حاز على جائزة روبيرال
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    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/51-543.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 543 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 08 Feb 2011 14:50:29 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Turkey’s Relations with a Changing Arab World]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/turkish_flag_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><SPAN lang=EN-GB>In the past years, </SPAN>Turkey has strengthened its political ties to its Arab neighbors, and economic and cultural interaction is growing. Arab actors are also increasingly calling for Turkey to assume a role in promoting stability in the region and acting as a mediator in its prevailing conflicts.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-536.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 536 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 28 Jan 2011 11:28:52 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Tübingen Arab Film Festival 2011]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/arab_film_fest_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
         The Arab Film Festival of Tübingen, Germany encourages dialog between cultures, religions and societies by screening recent movies in Arabic language.
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-531.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 531 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 18 Jan 2011 17:17:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[افتتاح المؤتمر الـ 16 للأطراف المعنية بتغير المناخ في كانكون - مصير الكوكب لا يزال تحت رحمة مصير المنافسة في اقتصاد السوق]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[
         <span lang="AR-SA" dir="RTL">في اجواء من التحفظ</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="LTR"></span>
        <span dir="RTL">والقلق والتواضع بدأت امس اعمال المؤتمر الـ16 للاطراف المعنية
        بالاتفاقية الاطارية</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> <span dir="RTL">لتغير المناخ الذي تنظمه الامم المتحدة في كانكون (المكسيك ) بمشاركة
        ممثلين عن 190</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> <span dir="RTL">دولة
        في العالم. التحفظ عبرت عنه دوائر الامم المتحدة بعدم الوصول الى اتفاق جديد،</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> <span dir="RTL">وتواضع الدولة المضيفة مقارنة
        بالتوقعات العالية في مؤتمر العام الماضي الفاشل في</span><span dir="LTR"></span><span dir="LTR"></span> <span dir="RTL">كوبنهاغن، لكي لا تحصد الخيبة مجددا.</span></span>
        <p><span lang="AR-SA"><span dir="RTL">بقلم حبيب معلوف - جريدة السفير 30/11/2010</span></span></p>
    ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/51-530.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 530 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 14 Jan 2011 12:34:36 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Years of Drought: A Report on the Effects of Drought on the Syrian Peninsula]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Hama-Water-Wheels1.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Years of drought have affected the eastern and northeastern regions of Syria, which are also known as the Syrian “peninsula” or “jazira”, which&nbsp; is considered the (agricultural) backbone of the country,&nbsp; the drought has led to a significant reduction in agricultural production in this area and consequently a decline in the national economy. One of the major consequences of the drought is that it has driven the majority of the population from this area towards the interior governorates in Syria where people have gone in search of a livelihood and shelter. This internal migration has also produced many humanitarian, social and health problems.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-521.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Masoud Ali]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 521 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 14 Dec 2010 13:08:48 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Urban Futures 2030]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Cover_Schriften_zur_Oekologie_Urban_Futures_80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="108" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><SPAN class=Apple-style-span>Half of the world's population lives in cities.&nbsp;This publication gathers the answers&nbsp;of selected experts&nbsp;to the challenges of&nbsp;sustainable&nbsp;urban planing and architecture.</SPAN>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-516.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 516 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 12:26:16 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Emerging Powers and the Middle East]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/emerging_powers_80px.png" alt="" width="80" height="114" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />One of the most important focal points of overlapping and competing interests of both established and emerging powers is the Middle East. This region is an arena where the new rules of the game are being developed and acted out. This publication attempts looking at the effects of the global shift of power on the Middle East to explore the perspectives of the region to become a partner in an emerging multi-polar system, rather than a stomping ground or even a battlefield for the interest and the prestige of others.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-515.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[With contributions by Azmi Bishara, Parag Khanna, Hermann Schwengel, Vitaly Naumkin, Ibrahim Saif, Yasmeen Tabaa, Sven Behrendt, Mingjiang LI, Praful Bidwai, Ziad Abdel Samad, and Kinda Mohamadieh.]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 515 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 12:06:27 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Diversity and Female Political Participation: Views on and from the Arab World]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Cover_Diversity_and_Female_Political_Participation_80px.png" alt="" width="80" height="115" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><SPAN class=Apple-style-span>What does the political participation of women look like within the immense diversity of the Arabic world? This edition of the Heinrich Boell Foundation’s series on Democracy analyzes the historical and current developments of gender relationships, and the role of women in the politics of Egypt, Morocco, the United Arab Emirates, and Kuwait.&nbsp;</SPAN>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-514.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[With contributions by Claudia Derichs, Hoda Salah, Azadeh Zamirirad, Hala Kindelberger, Dana Fennert, and Vania Carvalho Pinto.]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 514 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 10:52:05 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Climate Change and the Right to Food]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Cover_Climate_Change_and_the_Right_to_Food_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="115" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This study highlights how the climate change regime and the human rights regime addressing the right to food have failed to coordinate their agendas and to collaborate to each other’s mutual benefit. It proposes concrete methods by which institutions can address climate change problems and realize the right to food symbiotically, in compliance with the principles of systemic integration under international law.&nbsp;]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-513.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 513 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 10:28:29 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Sudan - No Easy Ways Ahead]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Sudan_80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="112" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><SPAN class=Apple-style-span>&nbsp;As the six-year transitional period defined in the Comprehensive Peace Agreement draws to a close, Sudan is sliding into another crisis. The Heinrich Böll Foundation, which has been working both with civil society partners in Sudan and on Sudan-related issues in the German context for several years, has put together this publication in order to reflect on such scenarios.</SPAN>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-512.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[With contributions by Alex de Waal, Atta El-Battahani, Marina Peter, John Yoh, Roland Marchal, and Peter Schumann.]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 512 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 06 Dec 2010 09:58:08 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[About Memory, Lies and Oblivion]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Ilan_Halevi_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Memory and historical narratives play a central role in the mechanics of present-day conflicts. All sides aspire to preserve ‘their’ memory by controlling or manipulating the historical narrative in order to secure political power.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-482.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Ilan Halevi]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 482 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 11 Nov 2010 13:06:25 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Arab World Policy for Post-2012 Negotiations]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/post-2012_workshop_80_0.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On October 14 - 15, 2008, the <A title="Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy & International Affairs" href="http://www.aub.edu.lb/ifi/Pages/index.aspx" target=_blank>Issam Fares Institute for Public Policy & International Affairs</A> and&nbsp;the <A title="IndyACT - The league of Independant Activists" href="http://www.indyact.org/" target=_blank>League of Independant Activists -indyACT</A> hosted a two-day workshop in collaboration with the Heinrich Böll Stiftung - Middle east Office to build the capacity of Arab climate change stakeholders and produce a regional statement on climate policy.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-481.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 481 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 09 Nov 2010 13:36:50 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[تحديات المجتمع المدني العراقي]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Jamal_Al_Jawahiri_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />يتحدث جمال الجواهري من <A href="http://www.iraqi-alamal.org/" target=_blank>جمعية الأمل العراقية </A>بعد مرحلة السقوط عام 2003&nbsp;عن تحديات المجتمع المدني العراقي وعلى العكس ما يعتقد فأن المجتمع المدني في العراق ليس جديدا تماما ، فمنذ بداية الأربعينات والى&nbsp; سنوات متعاقبة ومن خلال الصراع من أجل الاستقلال ضد الانتداب البريطاني ظهرت وبنشاط واضح الحركات الطلابية والشبابية والنسائية و النقابية ، وأظهرت هذه الحركات قدرة على التحريك و التنسيق والإصرار على لعب دور مهم كعنصر هام من عناصر المجتمع المدني ، إضافة إلى ظهور العديد من المؤسسات الخيرية المختلفة ، والتي عملت في مجال الأمومة والطفولة مثلا ، وأمتد عملها ليشمل حتى المجالين الثقافي والتربوي وازدادت فاعلية تلك المنظمات بعد ثورة 14 تموز من خلال تبنيها قضايا المجتمع وتشكيل قوة ضاغطة على السلطة . <BR>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/19-472.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 472 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 05 Nov 2010 13:58:51 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ المواطنية والهوية: العيش في مجاميع الشتات في أوروبا ما بعد الحرب]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[&nbsp;تبحث ياسمين سويسال في مقالتها&nbsp;عن وضع الشتات، باعتباره مفهوماً موقراً، وضع قوي في خطاباتنا السياسية والفكرية. إن مقالتها تشكك في استخدام الشتات كمقولة تحليلية في شرح تجربة الهجرة المعاصرة. فمن خلال تركيزها بشكل خاص على المحور الإثني للأوطان والمهجر، تتجاهل النظريات التي تتناول الشتات تجاوزات الجانب القومي ولا ترى الديناميكيات والطوبوغرافيا الجديدتين للعضوية. وأقتراح تحقيق منظور أكثر إنتاجية عن طريق تركيز قدرتنا التحليلية على المواقع المتكاثرة لتحقيق المواطنية وتطبيقها. ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/19-471.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 471 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 04 Nov 2010 14:36:17 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[تدريب القضاة العراقيين على النوع الاجتماعي]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[نظمت مؤسسة هينرش بُل-مكتب الشرق الأوسط في سنتها الثانية لبرنامج تدريب القضاة العراقيين على النوع الاجتماعي ورشة تدريبية من 4 الى 9 تموز/يوليو 2009&nbsp;في بيروت، وشارك فيها 22&nbsp; قاضٍ من&nbsp;محاكم الأحوال الشخصية، رئيس مجلس القضاء الأعلى ورئيس هيئة النزاهة. خلال الورشة قامت المؤسسة بعدة مقابلات مع قضاة، برلمانيين وناشطين في العمل المدني وكانوا مشاركين في الورشة التدريبية حول حقوق المرأة، الفساد في العراق وعمل وتطور المجتمع المدني العراقي منذ 2003.&nbsp;هذه المقابلات وضعت باللغة الأنجليزية على الصفحة الأنجليزية للموقع.
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/19-468.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 468 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 03 Nov 2010 13:21:09 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[State Building in Divided Societies of the Post-Ottoman World]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/state_building_conference_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This conference held in Beirut on September 24-25 September 2010 in collaboration with the <A title="Lebanese Sociology Association" href="http://www.lb.refer.org/sociologylb/lsa/anglais/presenta.htm" target=_blank>Lebanese Association of Sociology</A> examined the cases of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Iraq and Lebanon, three countries that have experienced civil strife, war and state collapse as a result of politicized sub-national identities and have recently undergone a (re)building process with significant input by the international community.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-404.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 404 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 14 Oct 2010 09:44:33 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Cultural Practices of Arab Youth - Volume XIV 2009-2010]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Cultural_Practices_of_Arab_Youth_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The latest volume of collected articles and essays published by <A title="Bahithat - Lebanese Association of Women Researchers" href="http://www.bahithat.org/" target=_blank>Bahithat</A> (The Lebanese Association of Women Researchers) analyzes and contextualizes contemporary cultural practices and forms of entertainment applied by young people (aged 15 – 24 years) in several Arab countries and in the Diaspora.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-403.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 403 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 13 Oct 2010 14:06:42 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Tribute to Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/abu_zayd_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On 12 October 2010 a number of Dr. Nasr Hamid Abu Zayd’s close friends and Arab intellectuals paid him tribute by giving testimonies on his life and work. The event&nbsp;was concluded with the documentary film “Waiting for Abu Zayd” by Mohammad Ali Al Atassi. ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-390.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 390 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 27 Sep 2010 11:42:38 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[No Plan? ... Money rules! Lebanon’s Construction Boom and the Challenges to Urban and Environmental Planning]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/suburbs_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><SPAN lang=EN-US>While a number of countries slid into recession during the year 2008, Lebanon witnessed spectacular economic growth rates. Most of the growth is, however, due to the recent boom in the construction sector. Not only is this development over-heated, it is also largely taking place without any planning, or the implementation of state or communal regulations.</SPAN>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-384.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Waltraud Frommherz-Hassib]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 384 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 24 Sep 2010 10:17:15 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Streets of Beirut - Self and the Encounter with ‘the Other’]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/steven_seidman_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Steven Seidman argues “that the culture of Hamra tolerates considerable diversity in personal styles and itineraries, but non-sectarian others (gender, sexual, and ethnic) are sites of anxiety and mistrust; they survive on the borders or back regions of Beirut.” Published in Cooperation with Idafat: the Arab Journal of Sociology]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-382.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Steven Seidman]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 382 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 22 Sep 2010 13:47:12 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Green Wars? Environment between Conflict and Cooperation in the Middle East and North Africa]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/HB_GW_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This conference&nbsp;was held on November 2-3, 2007 and tackled the darker side of the environment-conflict-nexus, but also the opportunities for find common ground over environmental issues.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-372.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 372 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Sep 2010 08:09:55 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What is to be Done? ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/umam_event_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Lebanon's war memory: series of workshops and public cultural events on questions of memory, truth seeking, reconciliation, justice and accountability initiated by <A title="UMAM Documentation and Research" href="http://www.umam-dr.org/" target=_blank>UMAM Documentation and Research</A>.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-371.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 371 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 20 Sep 2010 07:14:52 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Second Arab Bloggers’ Meeting]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/blogger_2009_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Over 60 Arab bloggers participated in the 2009 Second Arab Blogger’s Meeting (AB09) organized by the Heinrich Böll Foundation and <A href="www.globalvoices.org" target=_blank>Global Voices Online</A>.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-370.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 370 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 14 Sep 2010 14:19:14 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Female Arab Techies Meeting]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/arab_techies_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On&nbsp;May 11 -14 2010, 35 women from 10 countries gathered in Beirut for the first meeting of female Arab ITs&nbsp;to strengthen their role of female techies in male-dominated communities.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-364.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 364 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 13 Aug 2010 15:40:26 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ The Myth of Nuclear Power]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/nuclear_powr_myth_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The myth of nuclear power keeps persevering. Therefore the Heinrich Böll Foundation has commissioned renowned international nuclear experts to deliver detailed facts central to the myths of nuclear energy. This overview provides the public with a current, facts rich and nuclear-critical know-how.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-363.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 363 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 13 Aug 2010 15:05:37 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ MNSG – Navigating the Space between Exile and Home]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Double_Jeopardy_publication_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />A publication by <A href="http://www.offlinebaghdad.org/" target=_blank>offline:events</A> in collaboration with independent Iraqi artists, filmmakers, and authors documenting the lives of Iraqis navigating the space between home and exile and lending Iraqi refugees and those living in exile a voice to express their realities and reflections inter alia on notions such as Homeland and Exile, East and West, and Identity]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-362.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 362 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Aug 2010 14:49:48 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ What Can Europe Do in Iraq? Recommendations for a New U.S.-European Collaboration]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/europe_iraq_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This publication describes a new start of cooperation between Europe, the United States, and regional partners in the Middle East to tackle the challenges in Iraq and to help bring peace, stability, and sustainable development to the wider region.
<P>With contributions by Layla Al Zubaidi, Bülent Aras, Megan Chabalowski, Richard Gowan, Faleh Jabar, Daniel Korski, Sami Moubayed, Daniel Serwer, and Heiko Wimmen</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-361.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 361 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 11 Aug 2010 14:26:05 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Cities of the South: Citizenship and Exclusion in the 21st Century]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Cities_of_the_South_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Major cities worldwide are caught in a whirlwind of change that is turning urban spaces into strategic sites where history is being rewritten. Migration, civil society and an array of national and transnational players are transforming assumptions about citizenship in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Latin America. From the slums of Mumbai to the favelas of Rio de Janeiro, from the skyscrapers of Dubai to urbanizing Palestinian refugee camps, the new cities are altering the answers to one of mankind's oldest questions: where do I belong?]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-360.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 360 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Aug 2010 15:59:49 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Signs of Conflict: Political Posters of the Lebanese Civil War]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Signs_of_Conflict_ar_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />From 1975 to 1990, different factions in Lebanon’s civil conflict flooded the streets with posters to mobilize their constituencies, undermine their enemies, and create public sympathy for their cause. This is how the military performance on the front lines and on demarcation lines was in junction with another kind of conflict rotating around the image and words and the symbolic claiming of territory and land.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-359.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 359 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Aug 2010 15:38:24 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[What a Story: Children’s Literature Today]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Childrenliterature_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Children’s literature in Lebanon nowadays is characterized by its dynamic development which shows through different traditional and contemporary narrations. Nevertheless, there are a number of factors that prevent the development of innovative children’s literature such as a lack of analytical studies, its quality, the absence of not modern issues (such as gender, conflict, environmental issues etc), and a lack of opportunities to exchange different experiences on the local, regional or international levels.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-358.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 358 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 05 Aug 2010 14:58:15 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Gender Politics Makes a Difference - Experiences of the Heinrich Böll Foundation Across the World]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Gender_Politics_Makes_a_Difference_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />All over the world, gender relations are changing. Economic and cultural upheavals are giving rise to ever new ways of life and work. When those changes benefit women, that is usually due to the work of feminist networks, small and larger-scale gender-oriented organizations, and courageous individuals. They resist their social and political exclusion, the impoverishment of their lives, oppression, and violence. Sexual minorities, too, are defending themselves against oppression and discrimination, seeking allies all over the world. More and more men are also committing themselves to a gender-sensitive politics.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-355.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 355 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Aug 2010 17:52:22 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Walking the Line]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/walking_the_Line_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The Heinrich Böll Stiftung, the German Development Service, the Forum Civil Peace Service and the Working Group on Development and Peace jointly commissioned a study as to understand more the conflict and peacebuilding context and for reflection on options for peacebuilding by German development and peace organisations.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-354.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 354 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Aug 2010 17:00:04 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Anywhere but Now]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/abn_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This international symposium and the accompanying film screenings took place April 2-4, 2009 and explored the landscapes and passions of belonging, the struggle over sovereignty and the fragile sense of concepts such as "home" and "now" in the lands of the Eastern Mediterranean. Film Screenings in Cooperation with <A href="http://www.arteeast.org/" target=_blank>Arte East</A>.
<P>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-353.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 353 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Aug 2010 16:20:57 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[‘All that is banned is desired.’]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/All_that_is_banned_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The report is a documentation of a regional conference "Freedom of Expression in Music", that was held in Beirut from 7 to 8 October 2005, in collaboration with Freemuse - World Forum on Music and Censorship and Irab-Arabic Association for Music.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-340.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 340 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jul 2010 16:54:51 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Waiting for the Barbarians - A Tribute to Edward Said]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/wftb_edwar_Said_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />In engaging with the richly varied and seminal scholarship of Edward Said, Waiting for the Barbarians aims to recover the notion of culture as a collective, hybrid and plural experience, inlight of the political imperative that rules our present. In bringing together some of the figures most closely associated with Said and his scholarship, this comprehensive volume looks at Said the literary critic and public intellectual, Palestine, and Said’s intellectual legacy: the future through the lens of his work.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-339.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 339 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jul 2010 16:42:33 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Unpacking the Dynamics of Communal Tensions: a Focus Group Analysis of Perceptions Among Youth in Lebanon]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Unpacking_the_Dynamics_En_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />'Unpacking the Dynamics of Communal Tensions: A Focus Group Analysis of Perceptions among Youth in Lebanon' is a pilot study on a prevailing trend in Western Asia, namely communal tensions. The study aims to dismantle the dynamics of communal tensions through a focus group analysis that targets the largest segment of the Arab population: youth between the ages of 18 and 25. Lebanon is used as a case study to steer the debate and increase the understanding of the factors fermenting communal tensions that are the root causes of conflict.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-338.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 338 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 07 Jul 2010 16:13:50 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Tales of the Badia - Bedouin Folk Tales from Lebanon]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/pub_bedouin.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This book, written by a woman of the Bedouin community in the Lebanese Bekaa valley, is a compendium of some of the Bedouin tales (Sawalef) orally transmitted in the Abu Eid community. The tales are recounted in Bedouin dialect. By making public some of the oral history of that community, the books sheds light on the life of the marginalized Bedouins of Lebanon.
<P><EM></EM>&nbsp;</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-337.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 337 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2010 17:39:40 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bada’el Issue on “Health, Epidemics and Climate Change”]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/badael_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Bada’el is a Lebanese environmental magazine published by the Lebanese Association <EM>Ecologia</EM>. With the support of the Heinrich Boell Foundation, an issue of Badae’l on “Health, Epidemics and Climate Change”&nbsp;will be&nbsp;released in September 2010. ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-336.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 336 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2010 16:33:26 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Sustainable Bedouin Livelihoods in a Changing World: Surviving Droughts, Policies and Markets – Phase 2 ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Sustainable_Bedouin_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The <A title="Issam Fares Institute" href="http://www.aub.edu.lb/ifi/" target=_blank>Issam Fares Institute of the American University of Beirut</A> initiated this project aiming at understanding the impact of political, economic and environmental change, including climate change, on a marginal Bedouin community in the Bekaa plain, Lebanon in 2009.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-335.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 335 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2010 15:40:07 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Promoting Sustainable Construction in Lebanese Universities]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/SD_universities_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />MAJAL, the Academic Urban Observatory, initiated in 2008 the project entitled “<A href="http://www.majal-lebanon.com/sustainableCompetition.php" target=_blank>Promoting Sustainable Construction in Lebanese Universities</A>” aiming at raising awareness on specific sustainable construction techniques in schools of architecture across Lebanon thus inciting students to apply sustainability standards in their design projects and encouraging school administrations to introduce classes on sustainable construction in their curricula.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-334.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 334 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 02 Jul 2010 14:58:23 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-302.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 302 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 15 Jun 2010 13:42:21 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ Homosexuality, Bisexuality: Myths and Realities]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Myth_Reality_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Homosexuality is a subject that induced the persecution of a lot of individuals and the shed of their blood.
<P>The situation in Lebanon is not as dangerous as in other countries in the Arab world for those individuals whose sexual orientation does not comply with that of the majority, but it is not less serious. Threats of death, humiliations, blackmails, attacks, marginalization, discriminations, rejections, depressions, suicide attempts, shame, guilt, emotional life ruined, isolation, are in great majority the load of the openly or clandestinely homosexual persons living in homophobic&nbsp; societies. </P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-294.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 294 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Wed, 19 May 2010 10:34:15 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Bareed Mista3jil]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Bareed_Mistaejel_en_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />MEEM launched in 2009 the book “Bareed Mista3jil”: a collection of 40 true stories from voices in Lebanon that we seldom hear. Their common thread is that they are all from persons of non-conforming sexualities and gender identities, the life of queer women and transgender in Lebanon.
<P>Published by <A title=MEEM href="http://www.meemgroup.org/" target=_blank>MEEM</A> and with the support of the Heinrich Boll Foundation-Middle East Office</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-292.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 292 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Apr 2010 13:35:56 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[LGBTQ Project]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[These projects include activities that struggle for equal citizenship rights and combat discrimination of persons with non-conforming sexualities and gender identities <BR>Homosexuality and other non-conforming sexual identities have always existed in the Arab World. Even though heterosexuality is still the only recognized and acknowledged sexual identity, the history of the region is filled with homo-erotic art and poetry, same-sex relations and subversive patterns of behavior. It is true to say that non-heterosexual persons suffer from homophobia, discrimination, threats and humiliation. Yet in recent years, for example in Lebanon, there has been a significant rise in movements aiming at granting more visibility and rights to those marginalized groups. <BR>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-290.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 290 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 08 Apr 2010 13:11:57 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Climate Change – Intelligent Energy Policies – Nuclear Energy]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/summer_school_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Heybeliada/Istanbul-Turkey<BR><STRONG>3 – 8 July 2010</STRONG>
<P>Heinrich Böll Foundation, represented by its offices in <A title="Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Istanbul Office" href="http://www.boell-tr.org/" target=_blank>Istanbul</A>, <A title="Heinrich Böll Stiftung, Ramallah Office" href="http://www.boell-ameo.org/" target=_blank>Ramallah</A> and Beirut, has hosted a Regional Summer School on “Climate Change, Intelligent Energy Policies and Nuclear Energy” in Istanbul, Turkey from July 3 – 8, 2010.</P>
<P>Participants from Egypt, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Palestine, Syria, and Turkey had been selected to attend the Regional Summer School.</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-275.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 275 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 30 Mar 2010 12:50:16 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[A Rocky Road Ahead: Combating Corruption in Iraq]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Judge_Raheem_Al_Okaily_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On July 9, 2009, Layla Al-Zubaidi and Doreen Khoury of the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s Middle East Office in Beirut interviewed Judge Raheem Hassan Al-Okaily, President of the Iraqi Commission on Public Integrity since January 2008.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-267.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview by Layla Al-Zubaidi and Doreen Khoury ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 267 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Mar 2010 15:53:10 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Interview_Judge_Raheem_Okaily.pdf" length="171148" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[The New Iraqi CSO Law (January 2010)]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[Jamal Al-Jawahiri comments on the new law that regulates the work of civil society organizations (CSOs).]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-266.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 266 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Mar 2010 15:02:30 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Iraqi Civil Society at the Crossroads]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Jamal_Al_Jawahiri_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On July 8th 2009, Layla Al-Zubaidi and Doreen Khoury of the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s Middle East Office in Beirut interviewed Jamal Al-Jawahiri of the Iraqi Al-Amal Association, a long-standing partner organization of the Foundation. Our conversation concentrated on the development of Iraqi civil society since 2003 and the challenges it faces, as well as Iraqi Al-Amal’s campaign to amend the draft NGO law.&nbsp; ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-265.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview by Layla Al-Zubaidi and Doreen Khoury]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 265 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 19 Mar 2010 13:38:15 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Jamal_Interview_EN.pdf" length="139054" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Iraqi Women and the National Personal Status Law]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/judge_secretery_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The Heinrich Boell Stiftung Office in Beirut held a joint workshop with the <A title="Iraqi Amal Association" href="http://www.iraqi-alamal.org/english/index.htm" target=_blank>Iraqi Al Amal Association</A> on July 4-9, 2009, entitled “National Iraqi Laws and the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW).”&nbsp; The main participants were Iraqi personal status law judges who contributed with their experience on personal status law issues and the rights of women. The article below summarizes the main issues concerning the Iraqi Personal Status Law. It also includes comments by Hanaa’ Edwar of the Iraqi Amal Association, as well as details of a ruling issued by Judge Salem Rawdan Al-Moussawi, who attended the Beirut workshop, as an example of a personal status matter dealt with by a state judge.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-263.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 263 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 19 Mar 2010 10:01:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[ Gender Training for Iraqi Judges in Family Courts]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[The Heinrich Böll Stiftung organized its second annual Gender Training Workshop for Iraqi Judges on 4-9 July 2009 which was attended by 22 family court judges, the Head of the Iraqi Higher Judicial Council as well as the President of the Iraqi Commission on Public Integrity. 
<P>Heinrich Böll Stiftung&nbsp;staff conducted several interviews with judges, MPs, and civil society activists attending the workshop on women’s rights, corruption in Iraq, and the work and development of Iraqi civil society since 2003. These interviews are contained in this dossier.</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-260.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 260 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 18 Mar 2010 23:51:45 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Amendments to the Personal Status Law in Iraqi Kurdistan strengthen women’s rights]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/judge_mp_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />On July 8, 2009, Layla Al-Zubaidi of the Heinrich Böll Foundation’s Middle East Office in Beirut interviewed Kurdish Judge Mohammad Amin Al-Shirfani and Kurdish MP Karim Bahri Bradoust on the new Personal Status Law and the implications of the new amendments on women’s rights in Kurdistan.&nbsp; ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-258.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Interview by Layla Al-Zubaidi ]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 258 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Thu, 18 Mar 2010 23:27:12 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Interview_Kurdish_MP_Judge.pdf" length="143510" type="application/pdf" />
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[To find the contact information click on the more.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/48-242.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 242 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 14:42:12 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
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            <title><![CDATA[Beyond Guantánamo - Restoring U.S. Credibility on Human Rights]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Democracy_Beyond_Guantanamo_80.png" alt="" width="80" height="114" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />How to restore the credibility of a country whose foundations and self-understanding are based on the universality of freedom and human rights, but that has violated precisely those rights by practicing torture in Guantánamo and other prisons around the world? ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-239.html]]></link>
            <dc:creator><![CDATA[By Thomas C. Hilde]]></dc:creator>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 239 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 14:25:02 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/Beyond_Guantanamo.pdf" length="520450" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Emerging Powers and the Middle East]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/ep_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />In Collaboration with <A href="http://www.carnegie-mec.org/">The Carnegie Middle East Center</A>
<P>This conference held in Beirut, October 24-25, 2008&nbsp;looked at the Middle East as a focal point of overlapping and competing interests of established and emerging powers, bringing together Chinese, Indian, Russian, Western and Middle Eastern specialists on international relations, who&nbsp;were encouraged to merge their perspectives into a comprehensive vision.</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-238.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 238 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sat, 27 Feb 2010 13:58:22 +0100</pubDate>
            <enclosure url="http://www.lb.boell.org/downloads/EP_report.pdf" length="728427" type="application/pdf" />
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Access to Rights – Rights to Resources: A Cross-cutting Campaign for Environmental, Economic and Social Rights]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/greenline_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Green Line’s mission is to promote environmental awareness and document environmental threat in order to better confront them, thus introducing change at the community level within the concept of sustainable development.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-236.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 236 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 17:33:27 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Regional Gender and Inclusive Citizenship Program]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/nationality_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />CRTD.A, the Collective for Research and Training on Development-Action, is a Beirut-based NGO which seeks to contribute to the social development of local communities and organizations through enhancing capacities particularly in gender analysis, gender and development, poverty and exclusion, for the purpose of contributing to creating a more just and equitable environment.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-235.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 235 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:31:15 +0100</pubDate>
        </item>
        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Making Public Libraries into Public Spaces]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/assabil_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Assabil is committed to the establishment and promotion of public libraries in Lebanon that are free and open to all.&nbsp;Public libraries play an important role in the development of individuals and societies and thus free and unlimited access to information is an essential prerequisite for the development of a well-informed citizenry and democratic society. ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-232.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 232 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:02:13 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[Platforms for Critical Intellectual and Cultural Exchange]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/ashkal_alwan_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />
<P><A title="Ashkal Alwan" href="http://www.ashkalalwan.org/" target=_blank>Ashkal Alwan</A> - The Lebanese Association for Plastic Arts, <SPAN class=apple-style-span>initiates and promotes critical artistic practices and continuously works to document and build an archival record of contemporary intellectual and creative activity.</SPAN> Ashkal Alwan organizes the Home Works Forum, which is a multidisciplinary project that brings together artists, writers and intellectuals to present their works over a 10-day period through a calendar of events open to the public. </P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-229.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 229 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 15:10:46 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ At the Edge of the City - Reinhabiting Public Space toward the Recovery of Beirut’s Horsh Al-Sanawbar]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/Horsh_cover_back_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Since the early 1990s, Beirut’s Park, Horsh Al-Sanawbar, was sealed off from the lives of many Beiruti residents and visitors, with numerous justifications for their exclusion. At the Edge of the City aspires to chart an alternative discourse from that which produces this exclusion. Through exploring issues of advocacy and politics, the book aims to provide a platform to contest the existing governance of Horsh Al-Sanawbar and to bring forward a well-informed public space policy agenda.

<P>Published by DISCURSIVE FORMATIONS with the support of Heinrich Böll Stiftung – Middle East Office</P>]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-226.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 226 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Fri, 26 Feb 2010 11:53:49 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[ “America” in Beirut Art Center]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/logoamerica_80_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" /><A title="Beirut Art Center" href="http://www.beirutartcenter.org/exhibitions.php?exhibid=71&statusid=3" target=_blank>Beirut Art Center’s </A>exhibition and event series America reflected on what the United States of America mean in our collective unconscious. The exhibition featured sixteen works by artists of different nationalities and backgrounds, living inside and outside of the US. Whether they focus on people, urban environment or natural landscape, whether they dwell on pivotal historical moments or mundane ones, all these works reflect on aspects of American cultural, social and political life that have become of universal relevance.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-225.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 225 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:18:40 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Slow Trade - Sound Farming: A Multilateral Framework for Sustainable Markets in Agriculture]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/slow_trade_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Within the Workshop "Food Sovereignty vs. Free Trade, Towards an Alternative Multilateral Agricultural Governance Framework" organized by the Green Line Association, the launching of the Arabic version of the "Slow Trade - Sound Farming: A Multilateral Framework for Sustainable Markets in Agriculture", will take place. This publication was developed by the Heinrich Böll Foundation and <A title=MISEREOR href="http://www.misereor.org" target=_blank>MISEREOR</A>.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/114-222.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 222 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 06:54:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Damascus: Tourists, Artists, Secret Agents]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/ri_pub_finalcover_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />This book&nbsp;concludes an artistic research project which took place in Damascus in October 2008 and through an online platform in the months before and after. The project “Reloading Images: Damascus / Work in Progress 2008” brought together cultural practitioners from Syria, Germany, Argentina, Spain, Italy, Turkey, USA, Egypt and Slovakia to discuss forms of artistic agency and work together on artistic projects taking the city of Damascus as a starting point.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-220.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 220 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Tue, 23 Feb 2010 06:28:54 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/teaser_Heinrich_Boell_80x80.JPG" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Heinrich Böll is one of the most important and best-known writers of the Federal Republic of Germany. "Bound by the times and my contemporaries, to what my generation has lived through, experienced, seen, and heard," as he himself wrote, he was the critical chronicler of Germany’s history at mid-century.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/118-217.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 217 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 21 Feb 2010 17:39:48 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/216.html]]></link>
            <guid isPermaLink="false">article 216 at www.lb.boell.org</guid>
            <pubDate>Sun, 21 Feb 2010 17:22:32 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
            <title><![CDATA[ ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/hbs_beirut_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The Middle East Office of the Heinrich Boell Foundation has been opened in 2004. For many organisations and individuals, we have become a partner for activism and formation of networks, provider of international contacts, observer and analyst in the region.]]></description>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 14:58:00 +0100</pubDate>
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            <description><![CDATA[Throughout the countries of the Middle East, citizens view the state with suspicion. State institutions are often experienced as biased towards the powerful, corrupt and predatory, and as a sometimes violent means to safeguard the position of a ruling elite, or the domination of one part of the population over others. Participation, on the other hand, is mostly reduced to elections of questionable representational value, or relies on informal channels and structures and primordial relations, and thus reinforces existing patterns of subordination and power. The program Democracy supports initiatives that demand accountability and due process and encourage citizens to become aware, active and organized around issues of (gender-)democratic participation, freedom of expression and sustainable development.]]></description>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 14:43:20 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[ ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[Throughout the countries of the Middle East, citizens view the state with suspicion. State institutions are often experienced as biased towards the powerful, corrupt and predatory, and as a sometimes violent means to safeguard the position of a ruling elite, or the domination of one part of the population over others. Participation, on the other hand, is mostly reduced to elections of questionable representational value, or relies on informal channels and structures and primordial relations, and thus reinforces existing patterns of subordination and power. The program Democracy supports initiatives that demand accountability and due process and encourage citizens to become aware, active and organized around issues of (gender-)democratic participation, freedom of expression and sustainable development.]]></description>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 31 Jan 2010 14:18:36 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[ The Lebanese Parliamentary Elections: A Surprise, But No Real Change ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/lebanese_elections_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />Lebanon’s recent parliamentary elections, which resulted in a surprise victory for the pro-Western March 14 coalition after months of prediction that the Opposition would win, contradicted many of the myths and narratives that had surrounded the election since the signing of the Doha Accord in May 2008. Myths that were disproved were linked to each camp’s strengths and weaknesses as well as an overestimation of the election’s significance in terms of Lebanon’s future.]]></description>
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            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Doreen Khoury]]></dc:creator>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 02 Dec 2009 14:34:59 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Bloggers meeeting ]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[The Heinrich Boell Stiftung AMEO, the Heinrich Boell Stiftung MEO and Global Voices will organize the Second Arab Bloggers Meeting in Beirut from the 8th till the 12th of December 2009.]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/52-187.html]]></link>
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            <pubDate>Wed, 18 Nov 2009 09:30:08 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Arab Views on the Developments in Iran]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/mubayed_80.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="80" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The Iranian elections have raised a stir in the Arab media and vibrated strongly in Arab capitals. Media outlets close to the positions of Syria, Hizbullah, and Qatar show a clear bias towards the Iranian official line, while outlets close to the camp that fears Iran, especially in the Arab Gulf, anticipate a breakdown of the Iranian government, similarly to the revolution of 1979. Sami Moubayed however doubts that that the current events will lead to radical changes and suggests that while Iran’s Arab allies will stay put, waiting for it to settle its internal affairs, Iran’s adversaries will eventually face disappointment. ]]></description>
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            <dc:creator><![CDATA[Sami Mubayed]]></dc:creator>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 15:06:30 +0100</pubDate>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 15:03:12 +0100</pubDate>
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            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/113-177.html]]></link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 17 Nov 2009 14:44:01 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[Headline]]></title>
            <description><![CDATA[This is the teaser text]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/49-175.html]]></link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 16:18:55 +0100</pubDate>
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        <item>
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            <description><![CDATA[<img src="http://www.lb.boell.org/images/pics/gruener_pfeil_ampel80px.jpg" alt="" width="80" height="81" hspace="5" border="0" style="float: left; margin: 0px 5px 5px 0px; padding: 0;" />The Heinrich Böll Foundation is part of the Green political movement that has developed worldwide as a response to the traditional politics of socialism, liberalism, and conservatism. Our main tenets are ecology and sustainability, democracy and human rights, self-determination and justice. ]]></description>
            <link><![CDATA[http://www.lb.boell.org/web/118-174.html]]></link>
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            <pubDate>Tue, 10 Nov 2009 15:47:23 +0100</pubDate>
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            <title><![CDATA[About US]]></title>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2009 18:57:11 +0100</pubDate>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2009 18:55:51 +0100</pubDate>
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            <description><![CDATA[&nbsp;hello]]></description>
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            <pubDate>Mon, 02 Nov 2009 18:35:16 +0100</pubDate>
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            <pubDate>Sun, 01 Nov 2009 16:23:13 +0100</pubDate>
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            <description><![CDATA[This is the teaser text]]></description>
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            <pubDate>Sat, 31 Oct 2009 13:09:41 +0100</pubDate>
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            <description><![CDATA[ssssssssssss]]></description>
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